BRF110 induces DA biosynthesis and symptomatic relief without dyskinesias in PD mouse models. (A) qPCR of TH expression levels in mouse midbrain at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg). (B) DA and DA metabolite levels at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg) in WT mice as assessed by HPLC. n = 4. (C) DA and DA metabolite levels at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg) in ASYN transgenic mice, as assessed by HPLC. n = 4. (D) Noradrenaline levels at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg), as assessed by HPLC. (E and F) Schematic representations of the treatment regimens. (G) Accelerating rotarod latency times of MPTP-treated mice at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg). (H) Accelerating rotarod latency times of 6-OHDA–treated mice at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle or BRF110 (10 mg/kg). (I) Spontaneous contralateral turns per minute of 6-OHDA–treated mice at 4 h after i.p. administration of vehicle, BRF110 (10 mg/kg), or L-DOPA. (J and K) Schematic of the treatment regimen (J) and AIMS (K) of mice at 5 wk after 6-OHDA treatment, after 2 wk of daily i.p. administration of BRF110 (10 mg/kg) or L-DOPA.