Table 2.
Studies examining sleep duration and longitudinal risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
| First author, year (Ref.) | Populationb | Gender | n | Baseline age (yr) | Follow-up (yr) | Short sleep definition (h) | Adjusted diabetes risk (95% CI)a | Unadjusted diabetes risk (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yaggi, 2006 (61) | Massachusetts Male Aging Studyb | Men | 1564 | 40–70 | 15 | <5 | 1.95 (0.95–4.01) | 2.60 (1.28–5.27) |
| 6 | 1.95 (1.06–3.58) | 1.93 (1.06–3.50) | ||||||
| Mallon, 2005 (62) | Swedish random population sampleb | Men | 550 | 45–65 | 12 | <5 | 2.8 (1.1–7.3) | 3.1 (1.3–7.2)a |
| Women | 620 | 45–65 | 12 | <5 | 1.8 (0.5–6.8) | 1.5 (0.5–4.5) | ||
| Bjorkelund, 2005 (63) | Gothenburg population study in womenb | Women | 1622 | 38–60 | 32 | <6 | 1.35 (0.89–2.1) | 1.22 (0.82–1.08) |
| Ayas, 2003 (64) | Nurses Health Study, United States | Women | 70026 | 30–55 | 10 | <5 | 1.18 (0.96–1.58) | 1.57 (1.28–1.92) |
| Gangswisch, 2007 (82) | NHANES I population study, United Statesb | Both (37% men) | 8992 | 32–86 | 10 | <5 | OR, 1.47 (1.03–2.09) | OR, 1.91 (1.37–2.67) |
| Chaput, 2009 (67) | Quebec Family Studyb | Both (42% men) | 276 | 21–64 | 6 | <6 | 2.42 (1.49–3.33) | Not described |
| Hayashino, 2007 (66) | Japan work site trial (HIPOP-OHP study) | Both (74% men) | 6509 | 19–69 | 4.2 | <6 | HR, 1.15 (0.76–1.74) | HR, 1.19 (0.81–1.76) |
| Beihl, 2009 (68) | IRAS study, U.S. multiethnic community studyb | Both (43% men) | 900 | 40–69 | 5 | ≤7 | OR, 2.15 (1.21–3.79)c | Not described |
| Xu, 2010 (69) | NIH-AARP Diet and Health Cohort, United States | Both (57% men) | 174 542 | 50–71 | 3–10 | ≤5 | OR, 1.33 (1.19–1.49) | Not described |
Data are expressed as relative risk, unless stated otherwise. Bold indicates significant data. OR, Odds ratio; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence intervals.
a
Adjusted for obesity and other variables.
b
Representative population.
c
In non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics only, not African-Americans.