Table 4. Multiple regression analysis of HbA1c, PG and FPG with CAVI and baPWV by diabetes status.
| Dependent variable | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAVI | baPWV | |||||
| β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | |
|
Type 2 DM Model 1 |
||||||
| HbA1c | 0.085 | 0.024to 0.146 | 0.006 | 0.278 | 0.136 to 0.420 | <0.001 |
| PG | 0.002 | 0.001 to 0.003 | 0.067 | 0.007 | 0.003 to 0.011 | <0.001 |
| FPG | 0.002 | 0.001 to 0.004 | 0.040 | 0.005 | 0.001 to 0.009 | 0.022 |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| HbA1c | 0.102 | 0.046 to 0.158 | <0.001 | 0.252 | 0.121 to 0.383 | <0.001 |
| PG | 0.002 | 0.001 to 0.004 | 0.020 | 0.007 | 0.003 to 0.010 | <0.001 |
| FPG | 0.002 | 0.001 to 0.003 | 0.014 | 0.004 | 0.001 to 0.007 | 0.048 |
|
Prediabetes Model 1 |
||||||
| HbA1c | 0.037 | -0.164 to 0.237 | 0.720 | 0.023 | -0.421 to 0.467 | 0.920 |
| PG | -0.001 | -0.005 to 0.002 | 0.486 | 0.001 | -0.007 to 0.008 | 0.889 |
| FPG | 0.002 | -0.004 to 0.008 | 0.496 | -0.001 | -0.013 to 0.013 | 0.990 |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| HbA1c | 0.191 | -0.001to 0.379 | 0.053 | 0.125 | -0.294 to 0.544 | 0.558 |
| PG | 0.001 | -0.004 to 0.006 | 0.602 | 0.001 | -0.008 to 0.005 | 0.743 |
| FPG | 0.005 | -0.001 to 0.011 | 0.060 | 0.004 | -0.008 to 0.015 | 0.524 |
|
Normal glucose Model 1 |
||||||
| HbA1c | -0.165 | -0.377 to 0.046 | 0.125 | -0.044 | -0.512 to 0.424 | 0.853 |
| PG | 0.001 | -0.005 to 0.002 | 0.872 | 0.003 | -0.007 to 0.013 | 0.532 |
| FPG | -0.002 | -0.010 to 0.006 | 0.650 | 0.007 | -0.012 to 0.025 | 0.481 |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| HbA1c | -0.063 | -0.262to 0.135 | 0.530 | 0.125 | -0.294 to 0.544 | 0.558 |
| PG | 0.001 | -0.003 to 0.006 | 0.568 | 0.006 | -0.003 to 0.015 | 0.167 |
| FPG | 0.002 | -0.006 to 0.010 | 0.591 | 0.001 | -0.017 to 0.015 | 0.954 |
Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the associations of CAVI and baPWV with HbA1c, GP and FPG.
Model 1: Adjusted for Age (years) and gender (0 = male and 1 = female).
Model 2: Adjusted for Age (years). Gender (0 = male and 1 = female). Smoking (0 = Not and 1 = Yes). Body mass index. Mean arterial pressure. Atherogenic index. Alcohol consumption. Antihypertensive drugs (0 = Not and 1 = Yes). Antidiabetic drugs and lipid lowering drugs (0 = Not and 1 = Yes).
CAVI cardio-ankle vascular index. baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. DM diabetes mellitus. HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin. PG postprandial glucose. FPG fasting plasma glucose. CI confidence interval. β correlation coefficient.
p statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).