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. 2017 Apr 17;12(4):e0175272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175272

Table 2. Mean costs in intervention and usual care group after one year.

Intervention group Usual caregroup unadjusted mean difference in costs
N = 1209 N = 1074 EUR
mean costs (Standard Error)ae mean costs (Standard Error)ae (95% Confidence Interval)b
GP care
GP consult 71 (2) 79 (3) -8 (-15; -1)
GP after hours 15 (2) 22 (2) -5 (-11; 0)
Total GP care 86 (3) 100 (4) -14 (-23; -4)
Home care
Home nursing 2239 (316) 1873 (231) 366 (-280; 1169)
Personal care 2383 (85) 2118 (77) 266 (65; 487)
Total Home care 4621 (356) 3991 (261) 630 (-105; 1535)
Long-term care
Daycare 23 (4) 23 (4) 1 (-9; 10)
Elderly home 428 (100) 552 (116) -124 (-352; 111)
Nursing home 909 (242) 350 (106) 559 (203; 1041)
Total long-term care 1361 (312) 924 (180) 437 (-70; 1071)
Secondary care
Emergency room 37 (3) 44 (4) -6 (-17; 2)
Hospital 676 (98) 552 (81) 124 (-53; 306)
Total secondary care 712 (99) 595 (83) 126 (-65; 302)
Intervention (nurse patient, nurse GP, screening) 168 0
Total costs 7012 (508) 5609 (364) 1338 (332; 2514)

a Mean cost per participant were unadjusted

b 95% confidence intervals were estimated using bootstrapped bivariate regression models b Bold = significant difference

e Dutch standard costs were used to value healthcare utilization. All prices were adjusted for the year 2016 using consumer price index figures