Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves from logistic regressions of the full model that included age, gender, total white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil counts, (log) lipase value, history of opioid use and constipation to appraise risk factors associated with surgical vs. non-surgical diagnoses using entire cohort (left), entire cohort without diagnosis of kidney stones (middle), and the model that included age, gender and chronic opioid use to appraise risk factors associated with acute appendicitis in the group with surgical diagnoses (right).