Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Addict. 2016 Oct 17;26(5):437–445. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12462

TABLE 4.

Additive genetic (rA), family environmental (rC), and non-shared environmental (rE) correlations between religious service attendance during childhood (C-RA) and adulthood/past-year (A-RA) and alcohol involvement in 3,787 White and Black female twins

Genetic correlation
(rA)		 Shared environment
correlation (rC)		 Person-specific
environment correlation
(rE)		 % of overlap attributable
to A, C, and Ea
Childhood-religious service attendance (C-RA; ages 6–13)
 Ever drinking
   Whites – −.72* [−1.00, −.59] – 100% C
 Timing of first alcohol
  use
   Whites – .42* [.21, 1.00] – 100% C
Adult-religious service attendance (A-RA; past 12 months, ages 18–29)
 Ever drinking
   Whites – −.80* [−1.00, −.64] −.40*,b [−.64, −.15] 83% C, 17% E
   Blacks – – −.40*,b [−.64, −.15] 100% E
 Timing of first alcohol
  use
   Whites .75* [.64, 1.00] – – 100% A
 DSM5 Alcohol Use
  Disorder (AUD)
   Whites = Blacks		 −.61* [−.91, −.44] – – 100% A
*

Indicates p < .05

a

A, additive genetic; C, shared environment, E, individual-specific environment;

b

E component equated across race/ethnicity.