Table 2. Shows the distribution of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2, low-expression vs. high-expression) within demographic data and clinico-pathologic characteristics of our patient collective.
| PGE2 expression in PM | PGE2 expression in perimetastatic stroma | PGE2 expression in primary CRC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Improper staining | Included in analysis | low-expression (<median) | high-expression (=>median) | low-expression (<median) | high-expression (=>median) | Improperstaining | Included in analysis | Low-expression (<median) | High-expression (=>median) | ||||||||||||||||||
| N=5 | N=48 | % | N=24 | % | N=24 | % | P value | N=24 | % | N=24 | % | P value | N=4 | N=25 | % | N= | % | N= | % | P value | |||||||
| Gender | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Female | 1 | 21 | 43.8 | 8 | 16.7 | 13 | 27.1 | 0.259a | 10 | 20.8 | 11 | 22.9 | 1.000a | 0 | 13 | 52 | 6 | 24 | 7 | 28 | 1.000a | ||||||
| Male | 4 | 27 | 56.2 | 15 | 31.3 | 12 | 25.0 | 13 | 27.1 | 14 | 29.2 | 4 | 12 | 48 | 6 | 24 | 6 | 24 | |||||||||
| Age (median) | 73 | 63 | 62 | 64 | 0.495b/0.360d | 61 | 63 | 0.749b/0.453d | 66 | 62 | 61.5 | 62 | 0.913b/0.929d | ||||||||||||||
| Location | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| colon | 3 | 28 | 58.3 | 11 | 22.9 | 17 | 35.4 | 0.241a | 13 | 27.1 | 15 | 1.3 | 1.000a | 2 | 13 | 52 | 7 | 28 | 6 | 24 | 0.695a | ||||||
| Rectum | 2 | 20 | 41.7 | 12 | 25.0 | 8 | 16.7 | 10 | 20.8 | 10 | 20.8 | 2 | 12 | 48 | 5 | 20 | 7 | 28 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| T | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 2.2 | 1 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.183c | 1 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.630c | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0.522c | ||||||
| 2 | 0 | 8 | 15.6 | 6 | 13.3 | 2 | 4.4 | 3 | 6.7 | 5 | 11.1 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 3 | 12 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||
| 3 | 5 | 30 | 68.9 | 12 | 26.7 | 18 | 40.0 | 15 | 33.3 | 15 | 33.3 | 3 | 15 | 60 | 6 | 24 | 9 | 36 | |||||||||
| 4 | 0 | 6 | 13.3 | 3 | 6.7 | 3 | 6.7 | 4 | 8.9 | 2 | 4.4 | 0 | 5 | 20 | 3 | 12 | 2 | 8 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 3 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| N0 | 1 | 17 | 37.8 | 8 | 17.8 | 9 | 20.0 | 0.982a | 11 | 24.4 | 6 | 13.3 | 0.295c | 1 | 9 | 36 | 3 | 12 | 6 | 24 | 0.679c | ||||||
| N1 | 1 | 14 | 31.1 | 7 | 15.6 | 7 | 15.6 | 5 | 11.1 | 9 | 20.0 | 2 | 7 | 28 | 4 | 16 | 3 | 12 | |||||||||
| N2 | 3 | 14 | 31.1 | 7 | 15.6 | 7 | 15.6 | 7 | 15.6 | 7 | 15.6 | 1 | 9 | 36 | 5 | 20 | 4 | 16 | |||||||||
| unknown | 0 | 3 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||
| M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 3 | 42 | 87.5 | 21 | 43.8 | 21 | 43.8 | 0.668c | 19 | 39.6 | 23 | 47.9 | 0.407c | 4 | 20 | 80 | 11 | 44 | 9 | 36 | 0.322c | ||||||
| 1 | 2 | 6 | 12.5 | 2 | 4.2 | 4 | 8.3 | 4 | 8.3 | 2 | 4.2 | 0 | 5 | 20 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 16 | |||||||||
| unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| PGE2 expression primary tumour | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Low (<median) | 1 | 11 | 52.4 | 5 | 23.8 | 6 | 28.6 | 0.387c | 5 | 22.7 | 5 | 22.7 | 0.172c | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||
| High (≥median) | 3 | 10 | 47.6 | 7 | 33.3 | 3 | 14.3 | 10 | 45.5 | 2 | 9.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||
| Unknown | 1 | 27 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| Previous liver metastases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 4 | 33 | 68.8 | 17 | 35.4 | 16 | 33.3 | 0.542a | 15 | 31.3 | 18 | 37.5 | 0.757a | 3 | 15 | 60 | 8 | 32 | 7 | 28 | 0.688c | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 15 | 31.3 | 6 | 12.5 | 9 | 18.8 | 8 | 16.7 | 7 | 14.6 | 1 | 10 | 40 | 4 | 16 | 6 | 24 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| Number of nodules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | 4 | 37 | 77.1 | 18 | 37.5 | 19 | 39.6 | 1.000c | 17 | 35.3 | 20 | 41.7 | 0.736c | 3 | 21 | 84 | 12 | 48 | 9 | 36 | 0.096c | ||||||
| Multiple | 1 | 11 | 22.9 | 5 | 10.4 | 6 | 12.5 | 6 | 12.5 | 5 | 10.4 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 16 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| KRAS status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| wildtype | 2 | 22 | 53.7 | 12 | 29.3 | 10 | 24.4 | 1.000a | 11 | 26.8 | 11 | 26.8 | 0.756a | 4 | 13 | 52 | 7 | 28 | 6 | 24 | 0.695a | ||||||
| Mutant | 3 | 19 | 46.3 | 10 | 24.4 | 9 | 22.0 | 11 | 26.8 | 8 | 19.5 | 0 | 12 | 48 | 5 | 20 | 7 | 28 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 7 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| Chemotherapy before metastasectomy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 1 | 10 | 20.8 | 3 | 6.3 | 7 | 14.6 | 0.292c | 4 | 8.3 | 6 | 12.5 | 0.727c | 0 | 6 | 24 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 16 | 0.645c | ||||||
| Yes | 4 | 38 | 79.2 | 20 | 41.7 | 18 | 37.5 | 19 | 39.6 | 19 | 39.6 | 4 | 19 | 76 | 10 | 40 | 9 | 36 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
| Chemotherapy after metastasectomy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 3 | 10 | 20.8 | 4 | 8.3 | 6 | 12.5 | 0.727c | 5 | 10.4 | 5 | 10.4 | 1.000c | 0 | 7 | 28 | 3 | 12 | 4 | 16 | 1.000c | ||||||
| Yes | 2 | 38 | 79.2 | 19 | 39.6 | 19 | 39.6 | 18 | 37.5 | 20 | 41.7 | 4 | 18 | 72 | 9 | 36 | 9 | 36 | |||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||
a, Chi-square test; b, Kruskal-Wallis test; c, Fisker’s exact test; d, t-test.