Table 3.
Miscanthus × giganteus biomass yield¶ and yield components† as affected by N fertilization rate during 2011–2014 at Urbana, IL, USA.
| Year | N fertility | PB¶ | T-TN† | VTN† | RTN† | TW† | RTD† | RTHT† | RTPN† | VTD† | VTHT† | VTPN† |
| 2011 | 0N | 15.9d‡ | 46.5d–f | 20.3 | 26.3 | 36.6cd | 8.8 | 253.0g | 13.4h | 7.8 | 225.2c | 11.3 |
| 60N | 23.3c | 49.0c–f | 15.2 | 33.8 | 50.0a | 9.8 | 282.3de | 14.4g | 8.8 | 262.8ab | 12.6 | |
| 120N | 22.1c | 53.0c–e | 22.1 | 30.9 | 43.8ab | 10.1 | 273.7ef | 14.7fg | 8.9 | 247.6b | 12.3 | |
| 2012 | 0N | 11.6ef | 43.7f | 24.3 | 10.9 | 25.9e | 8.2 | 237.2h | 13.5h | 6.6 | 196.6d | 10.4 |
| 60N | 24.5a–c | 66.9a | 17.7 | 39.3 | 37.1c | 9.3 | 304.4a–c | 15.3ef | 7.4 | 266.7a | 11.8 | |
| 120N | 23.7bc | 68.4a | 25.8 | 32.7 | 34.1cd | 9.0 | 296.8cd | 15.5de | 7.2 | 255.6ab | 11.4 | |
| 2013 | 0N | 15.3ed | 48.8c–f | 13.8 | 35.1 | 30.8d | 8.4 | 258.1fg | 14.3g | 6.1 | 187.4d | 10.3 |
| 60N | 28.3ab | 65.3ab | 13.0 | 52.4 | 43.3b | 9.0 | 303.4a–c | 16.1 | 7.0 | 266.9a | 12.7 | |
| 120N | 28.5a | 63.9ab | 15.7 | 48.3 | 44.4ab | 9.3 | 298.8b–d | 17.1b | 7.1 | 258.3ab | 12.7 | |
| 2014 | 0N | 8.46f | 39.5f | 14.5 | 25.1 | 21.0f | 8.6 | 229.2h | 14.6g | 6.4 | 135.7e | 9.7 |
| 60N | 25.9a–c | 57.8bc | 15.5 | 42.4 | 44.8ab | 10.0 | 314.5ab | 16.7bc | 7.1 | 254.3ab | 11.9 | |
| 120N | 25.2a–c | 54.8cd | 16.0 | 38.8 | 45.6ab | 10.1 | 315.7a | 17.9a | 7.1 | 246.7b | 13.2 | |
| N rate | 0N | 12.8B | 44.6B | 18.2 | 24.3B | 28.1B | 8.5B | 244.4B | 13.9C | 6.7B | 186.2B | 10.4B |
| Mean | 60N | 25.5A | 59.7A | 15.3 | 42.0A | 43.6A | 9.5A | 301.0A | 15.6B | 7.6A | 262.7A | 12.2A |
| 120N | 24.9A | 60.0A | 19.9 | 37.6A | 43.6A | 9.6A | 296.2A | 16.3A | 7.7A | 252.0A | 12.4A | |
| Year | 2011 | 20.4b | 49.5b | 19.2ab | 30.3bc | 42.4a | 9.6a | 270.0b | 14.1d | 8.5a | 245.2a | 12.1 |
| Mean | 2012 | 19.9b | 59.7a | 22.6a | 27.6c | 32.4c | 8.8b | 279.4a | 14.8c | 7.1b | 239.6a | 11.2 |
| 2013 | 24.0a | 59.3a | 15.3b | 45.2a | 39.5b | 8.9b | 287.0a | 15.8b | 6.7c | 237.5a | 11.9 | |
| 2014 | 19.9b | 50.7b | 14.1b | 35.4b | 37.1b | 9.5a | 286.3a | 16.4a | 6.9bc | 212.2b | 11.6 |
¶PB, plant biomass (Mg ha-1). †T-TN, total tiller number (tiller m-2); VTN, vegetative tiller number (tiller m-2); RTN, reproductive tiller number (tiller m-2); TW, tiller weight (g tiller-1); RTTD, reproductive tiller stem diameter (mm); RTHT: reproductive tiller height (cm); RTPN: reproductive tiller phytomer number; VTD, vegetative tiller diameter (mm); VTHT, vegetative tiller height (cm); VTPN, vegetative tiller phytomer number. ‡Value with the same letter with in each of interaction effect of N rate and Year, main effect of N rate, and main effect of Year are not significantly different as indicated by HSD test at P = 0.05 level.