Table 2.
Newborn characteristics in total and stratified by cases and controls.
| Newborn characteristics | Total (n = 161) % (n) |
IUGR detected (controls) (n = 77) % (n) |
IUGR undetected (cases) (n = 84) % (n) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 50.9 (82) | 50.6 (39) | 51.2 (43) |
| Female | 49.1 (79) | 49.4 (38) | 48.8 (41) |
| Multiple gestation | |||
| Yes | 9.3 (15) | 11.7 (9) | 7.1 (6) |
| No | 90.7 (146) | 88.3 (68) | 92.9 (78) |
| Birthweight percentile | |||
| <10th percentile1 | 45.3 (73) | 32.5 (25) | 57.1 (48) |
| <5th percentile | 10.6 (17) | 14.3 (11) | 7.1 (6) |
| <3rd percentile | 44.1 (71) | 53.2 (41) | 35.7 (30) |
| Fetal anomalies | |||
| Yes | 8.1 (13) | 11.7 (9) | 4.8 (4) |
| No | 95.0 (153) | 88.3 (68) | 95.2 (80) |
| Number of admissions to NCU2 | |||
| Yes | 23.6 (38) | 35.1 (27) | 13.1 (11) |
| No | 76.4 (123) | 64.9 (50) | 86.9 (73) |
| Apgar score | |||
| 1 min | |||
| Severe depression | 1.2 (2) | 2.6 (2) | — |
| Minor depression | 6.2 (10) | 6.5 (5) | 6.0 (5) |
| Normal | 91.9 (148) | 90.9 (70) | 92.9 (78) |
| 5 min | |||
| Severe depression | — | — | — |
| Minor depression | 2.5 (4) | 3.9 (3) | 1.2 (1) |
| Normal | 96.9 (156) | 96.1 (74) | 97.6 (82) |
| Umbilical cord blood pH | |||
| Ideal | 48.4 (78) | 48.1 (37) | 48.8 (41) |
| Normal | 35.4 (57) | 33.8 (26) | 36.9 (31) |
| Minor acidification | 11.2 (18) | 13.0 (10) | 9.5 (8) |
| Moderate acidification | 1.2 (2) | 1.3 (1) | 1.2 (1) |
| Missing value | 3.7 (6) | 3.9 (3) | 3.6 (3) |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Vaginal | 50.3 (81) | 41.6 (32) | 58.3 (49) |
| Cesarean section (elective) | 13.7 (22) | 22.1 (17) | 6.0 (5) |
| Cesarean section (secondary) | 25.5 (41) | 29.9 (23) | 21.4 (18) |
| Other | 10.5 (17) | 6.5 (5) | 14.3 (12) |
1Including n = 4 newborns with a birthweight >10th percentile for gestational age and sex, but with (antenatal) diagnosis of IUGR/SGA.
2NCU: neonatal care unit.