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. 2017 Apr 3;2017:1818575. doi: 10.1155/2017/1818575

Figure 1.

Figure 1

TSG reduced RAW264.7 cells activation and proinflammatory cytokines release induced by LPS. RAW264.7 cells were exposed to various concentrations of TSG (0–480 μM) for 6 hours. (a) Cell viability was analyzed by WST assay. (b) Annexin V-PI method was used to detect the cell death rate. (c-d) RAW264.7 cells were exposed to 1 μg/mL LPS for 12 hours with or without TSG (120 μM) pretreatment for 6 hours. Then, the morphological change was captured under a microscope. Bar = 50 μm (×30). The percentage of activated cells in total cell population was calculated. (e-f) In the presence and absence of TSG (0, 30, 60, and 120 μM) or Dex (100 μM) for 6 hours, RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 12 hours. The concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 production in the culture medium were assessed by specific ELISA kits. All data were expressed as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus control; #P < 0.05 versus LPS treatment group.