Figure 2.

Human secreted phospholipases A₂ (sPLA₂s) induce the release of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), Ang1, and CXCL8/IL-8 from PMNs. PMNs were incubated (37°C, 3 h) with sPLA₂ [5 µg/ml, human group IB (hGIB), hGIIA, hGIIE, hGIIF, hGV, hGX, and hGXIIA] or control medium (A–D). At the end of incubation, the supernatants were collected and centrifuged (1,000 × g, 4°C, 5 min). VEGF-A (A), CXCL8/IL-8 (B), Ang1 (C), and VEGF-A_165b (D) were determined by ELISA. The values are expressed as picograms or nanograms of mediators per 10⁶ cells. The results are the mean ± SD of eight different preparations of PMNs. *p < 0.05 vs. control.