Table 1.

Effect of calcium propionate feeding on ruminal fermentation parameters

Items	CONT		PROP		Equality of variances	Pr > |t|1)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
pH	5.49	0.18	5.39	0.27	0.5095	0.5690
Ammonia (mmol/L)	0.94	0.09	1.03	0.22	0.1739	0.5023
Total VFA (mmol/L)	108.81	5.11	108.18	5.49	0.9098	0.8712
Acetate (mmol/L)	69.54	3.60	68.35	3.22	0.8601	0.6384
Propionate (mmol/L)	21.73	2.22	21.88	2.82	0.7050	0.9361
Butyrate (mmol/L)	13.05	0.91	13.40	1.05	0.8237	0.6335
Isobutyrate (mmol/L)	0.81	0.08	0.85	0.07	0.9654	0.5299
Valerate (mmol/L)	1.55	0.23	1.69	0.22	0.9618	0.4383
Isovalerate (mmol/L)	2.14	0.24	2.01	0.23	0.9405	0.4932
Acetate to propionate ratio	3.21	0.17	3.18	0.03	0.0203	0.6903

SD, standard deviation; VFA, volatile fatty acids.

¹⁾When equality of variance was >0.05, the more conservative Satterthwaite, in place of the pooled, p value is reported.