Table 1.

Comparison of rights-based and risk management approaches

Human Rights	Example	Risk Management	Example
Universality	All people, regardless of status, have access to health care	Prioritization	Only citizens or permanent residents have access to health care
Equity/equality	All people have access to medicines regardless of costs	Efficiency	Intellectual property rights ensure return on investment for pharmaceutical companies
Protecting the vulnerable	Policies developed specifically for those most at risk of infection/ ill health	Containing a threat/protecting the general population	Policies isolate or imprison those who pose a risk
Considers social marginalization	Specialized programs to address complex determinants of health	Isolates a problem	Health addressed separately from other policies