Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| All patients (n = 21) | Responders (n = 7) | Non-responders (n = 14) | P- value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 11 (52) | 5 (71) | 6 (43) | 0.36 |
| Female | 10 (48) | 2 (29) | 8 (57) | |
| Age, years (range) | ||||
| Median | 52 (21–70) | 53 (35–65) | 48 (21–70) | 0.66 |
| WHO performance status, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 10 (48) | 2 (29) | 8 (57) | 0.42 |
| 1 | 9 (43) | 4 (57) | 5 (36) | |
| 2 | 2 (9) | 1 (14) | 1 (7) | |
| Secondary glioblastoma, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 1 (5) | 0 | 1 (7) | 1.00 |
| No | 20 (95) | 7 (100) | 13 (93) | |
| Standard glioblastoma therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 20 (95) | 7 (100) | 13 (93) | 1.00 |
| No | 1 (5) | 0 | 1 (7) | |
| Prior lines of chemotherapy, n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 18 (86) | 7 (100) | 11 (79) | 0.52 |
| 2 | 3 (14) | 0 | 3 (21) | |
| Tumor size, cm2 (range) | ||||
| Median | 9 (1–28) | 11 (4–28) | 8 (1–16) | 0.65 |
| Multifocal disease, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 2 (10) | 0 | 2 (14) | 0.53 |
| No | 19 (91) | 7 (100) | 12 (86) | |
| Corticosteroid use, n (%)a | ||||
| Yes | 14 (67) | 3 (43) | 11 (79) | 0.16 |
| No | 7 (33) | 4 (57) | 3 (21) | |
| Neurocognitive deficit, n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 8 (38) | 3 (43) | 4 (29) | 0.35 |
| No | 13 (62) | 4 (57) | 10 (71) | |
| Primary sample, before bevacizumab, n (%) | ||||
| Initial glioblastoma diagnosis | 10 (48) | 3 (43) | 7 (50) | 1.00 |
| Relapse surgery prior to bevacizumab | 11 (52) | 4 (57) | 7 (50) | |
| Time duration from relapse surgery (after bevacizumab), months | ||||
| to initiation of standard therapy, median | 17 | 17 | 17 | 0.76 |
| to last bevacizumab administration, median | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0.26 |
| Number of bevacizumab treatment cyclesb | ||||
| Median | 6 | 8 | 6 | 0.08 |
| Bevacizumab combination therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Irinotecan | 17 (81) | 6 (86) | 11 (79) | 1.00 |
| Irinotecan and cetuximab | 4 (19) | 1 (14) | 3 (21) | |
| Response, n (%) | ||||
| Response (CR + PR) | 7 (33) | 7 (100) | 0 | |
| Stable disease | 10 (48) | 0 | 10 (71) | |
| Progressive disease | 4 (19) | 0 | 4 (29) | |
| Progression-free survival, months | ||||
| Median | 5.4 | 10.8 | 3.9 | 0.02 |
| Overall survival, months | ||||
| Median | 10.8 | 14.3 | 8.6 | 0.16 |
Abbreviations: CR complete response, PR partial response
a Prednisolone >10 mg
b Two bevacizumab combination treatments (28 days) defined one treatment cycle