Table 1.

Governing equations applied within the model, as well as the scale at which each equation and its parameters were applied

Equation	Description	Scale	Parameters
${\sigma }_{ij,j}=\frac{1}{V}\underset{\partial V}{\mathrm{\oint }}\left({\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}^L-{\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}\right)u_{k,j}{n}_{k}dS$	Macroscale volume-averaged stress balance [44]	Tissue	$\sigma :\text{macroscale}\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}\text{averaged}\text{Cauchy}\text{stress}$
			$V:\text{RVE}\text{volume}$
			${\sigma }^L:\text{microscale}\text{stress}$
			$u:\text{RVA}\text{boundary}\text{displacement}$
$n:\text{normal}\text{vector}\text{to}\text{RVE}\text{boundary}$
${\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}=\frac{1}{V}\int {\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}^{L}dV=\frac{1}{V}\sum _{\mathit{b}\mathit{c}}\int x_i{f}_j$	Volume-averaged stress of RVE [44]	Network	$bc:\text{boundary}\text{for}\text{all}\hspace{0.17em}\text{the}\hspace{0.17em}\text{RVE}\text{cross}\text{links}$
			$x:\text{boundary}\text{coordinate}$
$f:\text{force}\text{acting}\text{on}\text{boundary}$
$F_f=\frac{E_f{A}_f}{\beta }\left({\mathrm{e}}^{\beta {\epsilon }_G}-1\right)$ $\text{and}{E}_f\approx 0\text{when}{\lambda }_f>{\lambda }_{\text{crit}}$	Fiber constitutive equation [41,45,46]	Fiber	$F_f:\text{fiber}\text{force}$
			$E_f:\text{Young}’\mathrm{s}\text{modulus}\text{of}\text{fiber}$ $\text{at}\text{infinitesimal}\text{strain}$
			$A_f:\text{fiber}$ cross-sectional area
			${\epsilon }_G:\text{fiber}\text{Green}\text{strain}$
			$\beta :\text{fitting}\text{parameter}\text{for}\text{fiber}\text{nonlinearity}$
			${\lambda }_f:\text{fiber}\text{stretch}$
${\lambda }_{\text{crit}}:\text{fiber}\text{stretch}\text{at}\text{failure}$
${\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}^m=\frac{G}{J}\left(B_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}-{\delta }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}\right)$ $+\frac{2G\upsilon }{J\left(1-2\upsilon \right)}{\delta }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}\ln \left(J\right)$	Matrix governing equation [60]	Matrix	${\sigma }^M:\text{matrix}\text{Cauchy}\text{stress}$
			$G:\text{shear}\text{modulus}$
			$J:\text{deformation}\text{tensor}\text{determinant}$
			$B:\text{left}\text{Cauchy}$ -Green deformation tensor
$\upsilon :\text{Poisson’s ratio}$