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. 2016 Dec 9;31(4):601–607. doi: 10.1038/eye.2016.287

Table 1. The parameters of clinical lab test of the study groups.

Parameters DR(n=528) DNR (n=515) P-value
Age 55±13.0 54±12.0 0.42
Male 275 (52.08%) 261 (50.68%) 0.06
Body mass index (kg/m2) 25.2±3.8 24.8±3.7 0.28
Smoking (N, %) 195 (36.9) 175 (34.0) 0.32
Alcohol use (N, %) 213 (40.34) 198 (38.45) 0.38
HbA1c (%) 7.7±1.2 7.6±1.3 0.09
Blood urea (mgs%) (Mean±SD) 31±11 28±8 0.06
Duration of diabetes (years) 14±9 13±8 0.45
Blood pressure (mm Hg)
 Systolic 138±9 139±8 0.36
 Diastolic 82±5 82±6 0.36

HbA1C means glycosylated hemoglobin. The data are means±SD or, for categorical variables, n or ratio. Comparisons between retinopathy groups are by unpaired Student's t-test or Χ2 test. P-values<0.05 are considered significant.