Table 2. Factors associated with liver stiffness measurement ≥8.0 kPa in univariate and multivariate analyses.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | P Value | Multivriate analysis | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Age, years | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.48 |
| Male | 1.64 (1.13–2.37) | 0.009 | 2.16 (1.29–3.63) | 0.004 |
| BMI | ||||
| Normal; BMI <24 (kg/m2) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Overweight; 24 ≤ BMI < 30 (kg/m2) | 1.43 (0.96–2.15) | 0.079 | 2.31 (1.35–3.94) | 0.002 |
| Obese; BMI ≥30 (kg/m2) | 1.39 (0.43–4.45) | 0.582 | 3.67 (0.97–13.96) | 0.06 |
| Presence of HBV or HCV (%) | 1.80 (1.21–2.69) | 0.004 | 1.53 (0.95–2.47) | 0.08 |
| DM (%) | 1.13 (0.77–1.66) | 0.531 | 0.63 (0.38–1.03) | 0.06 |
| AST (IU/L) | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) | <0.001 | 1.08 (1.04–1.12) | <0.001 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | <0.001 | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 0.27 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.16 (0.81–1.67) | 0.418 | 1.14 (0.75–1.72) | 0.54 |
| Albumin (mg/dL) | 0.16 (0.09–0.29) | <0.001 | 0.25 (0.12–0.53) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) | 0.002 | 0.89 (0.79–1.00) | 0.05 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 0.99 (0.99–0.99) | <0.001 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C: <40 mg/dL(male) or <50 mg/dL(female) | 1.47 (1.02–2.12) | 0.039 | 1.52 (0.91–2.55) | 0.11 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.002 | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.76 |
| Triglyceride >150 (mg/dL) | 0.79 (0.53–1.17) | 0.241 | 0.95 (0.52–1.74) | 0.88 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.61 |
| Steatosis | ||||
| No Steatosis (CAP <232.5) (dB/m) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Steatosis grade 1 (232.5 ≥CAP <255) (dB/m) | 0.72 (0.43–1.21) | 0.215 | 0.80 (0.43–1.48) | 0.47 |
| Steatosis grade 2 (255 ≥ CAP <290) (dB/m) | 0.91 (0.54–1.53) | 0.731 | 1.07 (0.57–2.04) | 0.83 |
| Steatosis grade3 (≥290) (dB/m) | 1.45 (0.86–2.46) | 0.167 | 1.79 (0.88–3.62) | 0.11 |
BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; LDL, Low-density lipoprotein; CAP, Controlled Attenuation Parameter; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus.