Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study Participants by Race
| Characteristic | Black, % (n=2,451) | White, % (n=2,351) |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease | 5.1 | 2.9 |
| Health behaviors | ||
| Energy intake: normal | 58.8 | 74.8 |
| Energy intake: overeat | 41.2 | 25.2 |
| Physically active: no | 47.7 | 34.9 |
| Physically active: yes | 52.3 | 65.1 |
| Drink: never | 46.2 | 31.3 |
| Drink: moderate | 44.4 | 53.1 |
| Drink: substantial | 9.4 | 15.6 |
| Smoke: never | 57.8 | 55.3 |
| Smoke: past | 8.8 | 17.9 |
| Smoke: current | 33.5 | 26.8 |
| Sociodemographics | ||
| Age, M (SD) | 24.27 (3.81) | 25.43 (3.38) |
| Male | 44.2 | 47.5 |
| Years of school: M (SD) | 13.01 (1.82) | 14.59 (2.37) |
| Marriage: never | 71.4 | 66.8 |
| Marriage: past | 9.6 | 7.4 |
| Marriage: current | 19.0 | 25.8 |
| Work status: not working | 31.8 | 15.7 |
| Work status: part-time | 20.1 | 20.0 |
| Work status: full-time | 48.1 | 64.3 |
| Medical history | ||
| High blood pressure | 10.2 | 7.4 |
| High cholesterol | 2.6 | 1.6 |
| Heart problems | 5.9 | 6.1 |
| Diabetes | 1.1 | 0.5 |
| Cancer | 2.7 | 2.8 |
Note: All health behaviors, sociodemographic measures, and medical history measures are based on the baseline CARDIA (1985–1986) examination. A total of 313 participants were not included because of missing value(s).