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. 2017 Apr 19;12(4):e0174690. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174690

Table 1. a. Cardiac myosin flux through in vivo active cycle in 3 phases.

phase f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10
Unloaded 39±7 0 5±8 56±9 43±11 13±9 13±9 0 0 18±12
Auxotonic 10±5 2±1 31±23 59±23 37±21 29±11 21±9 3±4 13±11 52±22
Near-isometric 2±1 1±1 80±5 18±5 12±3 15±4 6±2 42±5 52±4 86±3
notes input & output ≤f1 input input output
f4-f7
≤f5 5→3
f4-f5
≤f10 f2+f6+f8 output
f3+f7

a Flux quantities, fi, for the 4 step-size network defined in the Fig 8 model. Several flux values relate to known step-frequencies using Eq 5 and where f1 = x8, f4 = x5, f9 = x0, and f10 = x3. Other fluxes are surmised by using constraints. Flux conservation equality constraints include (total input) f1+f3+f4 = f1+f5+f10 (total output), f4 = f5+f7 (5 nm step input detaches or continues to 3 nm step), f3+f7 = f10 (3 nm step input sums with 5/3 nm step conversion then detaches with a 3 nm step), and f2+f6 −f7+f8 = f9 (total 0 length steps). The problem is under determined by equality constraints hence it is solved in two steps: first using equality constraints eliminating 4 parameters, second using 3 equality constraints relating f2, f3, f5, f6, f7, and f8 and inequality constraints for these variables. Inequality constraints are f2 ≤ x8, f2 ≤ x0, f3 ≥ x3-x5, f3 ≤ x3, f5 ≤ x5, f6 ≤ x5, f7 ≤ f6, f7 ≤ x5, f8 ≤ x3, f8 ≤ x0, and all unknowns ≥ 0. The latter equality and inequality constraints are sufficiently restrictive to identify convergent solutions for the fluxes for each phase using constrained linear programing in Mathematica. We estimate standard deviations for fluxes within all constraints by generating random variates using normal distributions for {ω0, ω3, ω5, ω8} in Table 2, computing x0, x3, x5, and x8 using Eq 5, then solving for the unknown flux values. Flux errors are standard deviation for (n) replicates. Total input (or equivalently total output) is re-normalized to 100% post hoc facilitating comparison between phases.