Table 3.

Association analysis between selected sociodemographic, arsenic level in water-type variables and DM type 2 risk in unmatched and matched case-control studies

Variables	Case-unmatched control study				Case-matched control study
	OR	p-value	95% CI		OR	p-value	95% CI
			Lower	Upper			Lower	Upper
Selected sociodemographic variables
Age as of year 2008a	1.030	0.008	1.008	1.053	–	–	–	–
BMI in year 2008	1.203	<0.001	1.124	1.288	1.293	<0.001	1.138	1.470
Exercise	2.304	0.233	0.500	10.622	2.778	0.198	0.541	14.26
History of parents illnessa	2.056	0.051	0.997	4.24	–	–	–	–
History of siblings illness	3.022	0.010	1.333	6.851	6.743	0.002	2.077	21.89
Ever smokingb	–	–	–	–	5.481	0.146	0.471	63.82
Ever drinking	3.430	0.032	1.137	10.35	4.967	0.217	0.298	82.86
Govtb	–	–	–	–	0.373	0.155	0.096	1.453
Motorcar ownership	0.311	0.130	0.062	1.566	0.198	0.022	0.050	0.776
Arsenic level in different water types in year 2000
Well	1.027	0.577	0.934	1.130	1.034	0.647	0.894	1.196
Rain	0.023	0.830	0.000	2.1×1022	9.260	0.940	0.000	5.8×1026
Arsenic level in different water types in year 2008
Municipal tap	0.100	0.549	0.000	224.4	0.001	0.549	0.000	8.2×107
Village tap	0.564	0.858	0.001	472.5	0.690	0.894	0.002	220.1
Rain	19.370	0.875	0.000	4.1×1018	0.737	0.992	0.000	3.6×1027

Notes:

^aOnly unmatched.

^bOnly matched. – means result is not available because the variable was not included in the analysis model; for government employers or business owner variable, laborers/others was used as reference.

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; Govt, government officers or business owners.