Table 2. Incident CHD Events and All-Cause Death by CAC Scorea.
| CAC scoreb | All CHD | CHD Excluding Coronary Artery Revascularization Without Acute Symptomsc | All-Cause Death | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No.d | p-y | Events | IDe | HR (95% CI)f | P Value | p-y | Events | IDe | HR (95% CI)f | P Value | No.d | p-y | Events | IDe | HR (95% CI)f | P Value | |
| None | 2733 | 34 413 | 27 | 1.0 | 1 [Reference] | NA | 34 432 | 23 | 0.8 | 1 [Reference] | NA | 2734 | 34 497 | 82 | 3.0 | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Any, >0 | 303 | 3644 | 30 | 10.3 | 5.0 (2.8-8.7) | <.001 | 3693 | 23 | 7.6 | 4.1 (2.2-7.7) | <.001 | 309 | 3847 | 25 | 8.1 | 1.6 (1.0-2.6) | .05 |
| Score ranges | |||||||||||||||||
| 1-19 | 150 | 1844 | 7 | 4.8 | 2.6 (1.0-5.7) | .03 | 1849 | 6 | 4.0 | 2.3 (0.8-5.6) | .07 | 152 | 1897 | 8 | 5.3 | 1.1 (0.5-2.1) | .89 |
| 20-99 | 98 | 1177 | 10 | 10.6 | 5.8 (2.6-12.1) | <.001 | 1195 | 8 | 8.2 | 5.1 (2.1-11.6) | <.001 | 99 | 1243 | 4 | 4.0 | 0.9 (0.3-2.7) | .85 |
| ≥100 | 55 | 623 | 13 | 26.1 | 9.8 (4.5-20.5) | <.001 | 649 | 9 | 16.4 | 6.8 (2.7-15.6) | <.001 | 58 | 706 | 13 | 22.4 | 3.7 (1.5-10.0) | <.001 |
| Total | 3036 | 38 056 | 57 | 1.9 | NA | NA | 38 125 | 46 | 1.5 | NA | NA | 3043 | 38 330 | 107 | 3.5 | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: CAC, coronary artery calcium; CHD, coronary heart disease; HR, hazard ratio; ID, incidence density; NA, not applicable; p-y, person-years; Ref, reference.
Individuals aged 32 to 46 years in 2000-2001 and followed up through 2014 to a maximum age of 58 years.
Total CAC score (Agatston score), all coronary vessels at year 15 examination (2000-2001) by presence and score categories.
Coronary artery revascularization procedures included coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary interventions and were excluded as events when documentation was not available to confirm a diagnosis of acute symptomatic presentation of CHD (n = 10).
Number of participants at risk at year 15 examination, 2000-2001; 7 of the 3043 participants who had a computed tomographic scan at year 15 had a prior CHD event and were excluded from analysis for incident CHD.
Number of adjudicated CHD events or deaths per 100 people followed up for 12½ years.
Hazard ratios in proportional hazards regression adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, sex, field center, smoking status, maximum educational level, systolic blood pressure, treatment for hypertension, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, treatment for dyslipidemia, type 1 or 2 diabetes, and body mass index.