FIG 3 .

Relative differential gene expression of cytokines in melioidosis patients with respect to duration of fever/clinical symptoms and antibiotic treatment compared to their expression in patients with sepsis infection due to other pathogens. Relative gene expression in PBMCs from melioidosis patients with ≤15 days of fever (n = 5), melioidosis patients with >15 days of fever (n = 21), melioidosis patients with ≤15 days of treatment with antibiotics (n = 14), and melioidosis patients with >15 days of treatment with antibiotics (n = 8) compared to sepsis controls (n = 10) is shown. Expression levels were normalized against beta actin as the reference housekeeping gene. A relative expression ratio of >1.5 is considered to show upregulation, and a relative expression ratio of ≤0.5 is considered to show downregulation. *, relative expression ratio is significantly different (P < 0.05).