Table 3.
Giardia duodenalis assemblages and subtypes reported in humans from Africa
| Country | Patient group | Assemblage (Prevalence in %)a |
Subtype | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | Children (8 and 13 years) | A (37.5) | AI; AIIb; Novel subtype | [119] |
| B (56.3) | BIII; BIV; Novel subtypes | |||
| A + B (6.3) | ||||
| Central African Republic | Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas Park employees | A (100) | AII | [122] |
| Côte d’Ivoire | Patients with intestinal disorders (2–63 years) | A (19.6) | [106] | |
| B (76.8) | ||||
| A + B (3.6) | ||||
| Côte d’Ivoire | Patients with intestinal disorders (2–63 years) | A (34.4) | [106] | |
| B (59.0) | ||||
| A + B (6.6) | ||||
| Egypt | Diarrhoeal patients (2–70 years) | A (6.7) | AI/AII | [121] |
| B (80.0) | BIII; B/BIII; BIV; BIII/BIVb | |||
| A + B (6.7) | ||||
| C (6.7) | ||||
| Egypt | Diarrhoeal patients (All ages) | A (18.8) | [132] | |
| B (81.2) | ||||
| Egypt | Children (< 10 years) | A (30.4) | AII | [80] |
| B (52.2) | ||||
| E (8.7) | ||||
| A/B (4.3) | ||||
| A/E (4.3) | ||||
| Egypt | Children (5–12 years) | A (77.1) | AII | [167] |
| B (22.9) | BIII | |||
| Egypt | Children with and without diarrhoea (1.5–12 years) | E (100) | [169] | |
| Egypt | Diarrhoeal patients (4–65 years) | A (75.6) | AIb; AII | [165] |
| B (19.5) | ||||
| A + B (5.0) | ||||
| Egypt | Humans | A (5.0) | [168] | |
| B (80.0) | ||||
| E (15.0) | ||||
| Ethiopia | Children (6–15 years) | A (17.9) | AIIb; AII/AIII | [103] |
| B (82.1) | BIII; BIVb; BIII/BIV | |||
| Ethiopia | Children (≤ 14 years) | A (22.9) | AIIb | [301] |
| B (77.1) | BIV; Novel subtypesb | |||
| Ethiopia | Hospital patients (0.5–80 years) | B (100) | BIII; BIVb | [99] |
| Ethiopia | Human isolates from urban and rural areas | A (52.5) | [164] | |
| B (22.0) | ||||
| A + F (11.9) | ||||
| A + B (13.6) | ||||
| Ghana | Children (≤ 5 years) | B (100) | BIII | [305] |
| Guinea-Bissau | Children (8.3 months to 7.5 years) | A (11.5) | AII | [309] |
| B (84.6) | ||||
| Kenya | Diarrhoeal children (≤ 5 years) | A (1.4) | AII | [313] |
| B (88.9) | BIII; BIV; BIII/BIVb | |||
| A + B (9.7) | ||||
| Morocco | Urban and rural school children (5–15 years) | A (18.1) | AII | [318] |
| B (81.8) | BIII; BIVb | |||
| Nigeria | Hospital patients (2 months to 70 years) | A (100) | AII | [166] |
| Rwanda | Largely asymptomatic children (< 5 years) | A (13.5) | AI; AIIb | [22] |
| B (85.9) | ||||
| A + B (0.5) | ||||
| Rwanda | Children (< 5 years) | A (14.0) | [24] | |
| B (86.0) | ||||
| São Tomé and Príncipe | Children (2 months to 10 years) | A (55.5) | [96] | |
| B (45.5) | ||||
| Tanzania | Diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal outpatients (≤ 71 years) | A (6.7) | [340] | |
| B (88.8) | ||||
| A + B (4.5) | ||||
| Tanzania | Diarrhoeal children and controls (< 2 years) | A (50.0) | [72] | |
| B (50.0) | ||||
| Tanzania | Primary school children | A (21.4) | AII | [123] |
| B (78.6) | BIII; BIVb | |||
| Uganda | Individuals living around Kibale National Park | A | AII | [120] |
| B | BIII; BIV | |||
| Uganda | Apparently healthy children (0–12 years) | A (14.7) | AII | [345] |
| B (73.5) | ||||
| A + B (11.8) | ||||
| Uganda | Individuals sharing gorilla habitats | A (100) | [163] |
aPrevalence (percentage of species identified out of the total number of species genotyped per animal)
bDominant subtype