Table 1.
Cohort characteristics
| Characteristic | Participants includeda (n = 149) | CCCEH cohort not included (n = 578) | P-valueh |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal ethnicity | 0.57 | ||
| Dominican | 94/149 (63%) | 379/578 (66%) | |
| African American | 55/149 (37%) | 199/578 (34%) | |
| Age mean [min-max], yrs | 12.5 (9.2–14.3) | - | |
| Girls | 76/149 (51%) | 300/578 (52%) | 0.85 |
| ≥Maternal high school degree | 82/144 (57%) | 374/569 (66%) | 0.05 |
| Maternal asthma (+) | 42/149 (28%) | 121/578 (21%) | 0.06 |
| Prenatal ETS exposureb (+) | 48/147 (33%) | 198/570 (35%) | 0.64 |
| Current ETS exposurec (+) | 12/121 (10%) | - | |
| Daily time spent homed hrs, mean ± SD | 16.3 ± 4.8 | ||
| BMIe z score, mean ± SD | 0.86 ± 1.11 | - | |
| Underweight (<5th %ile) | 5/149 (3%) | - | |
| Normal weight (5th–85th %ile) | 66/149 (44%) | - | |
| Overweight (85th–95th %ile) | 40/149 (27%) | - | |
| Obesity (≥95th %ile) | 38/149 (26%) | - | |
| % Body fat, mean ± SD | 26.7 ± 8.4 | - | |
| Waist circumference cm, mean ± SD | 71.5 ± 11.5 | - | |
| Asthmaf | 87/149 (58%) | 83/360 (23%) | <0.001 |
| Seroatopyg | 74/134 (55%) | 113/269 (42%) | 0.01 |
CCCEH Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, BMI Body mass index, ETS: Environmental tobacco smoke, IgE: Immunoglobulin E, SD: standard deviation
The total number of CCCEH cohort participants enrolled at birth = 727; aIncludes only the children in nested study that had complete data available for current analysis. Participants excluded if residential indoor sampling data not collected due to entry criteria (n = 564) and invalid air pollution data (n = 14)
bReport of any smoker in the house during pregnancy. All mothers were nonsmokers during pregnancy
cReport of any smoker during 1-week sampling period
dDetermined by 24-hour questionnaire by answering “Between the time we dropped off the monitor and when you went to bed, did you leave home (Yes/No); then “What time did you leave home?”; “What time did you get home?”
eWeight (kg)/height (m)2, SD, standard deviation
fDetermined by a specialist physician using standardized criteria at age 5–12 year [34]
gTotal IgE ≥ 80 IU/mL
hChi-tests performed