Table 2.
History of mental illness in younger and older prisoners (n = 8574)
| Mental disorders from the ICD9 and DSM | Younger n = 7107 |
Older n = 1467 |
All n = 8574 |
OR (95% CI)a
Reference = older |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mental illness (DSM and ICD9) | 3448 (48.5) | 645 (44.0) | 4093 (47.7) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) |
| Mental illness (DSM) | 3222 (45.3) | 570 (38.9) | 3792 (44.2) | 1.4 (1.3–1.6) |
| Mental illness (ICD9 only) | 226 (3.2) | 75 (5.1) | 301 (3.5) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) |
| Serious mental illnessb (DSM and ICD9) | 2048 (28.8) | 404 (27.5) | 2452 (28.6) | 1.1 (0.99–1.3) |
| Serious mental illness (DSM) | 1976 (27.8) | 386 (26.3) | 2362 (27.5) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) |
| Serious mental illness (ICD9 only) | 72 (1.0) | 18 (1.2) | 90 (1.0) | ne |
| Substance usec (DSM and ICD9) | 1928 (27.1) | 312 (21.3) | 2240 (26.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) |
| Substance use (DSM) | 1791 (25.2) | 286 (19.5) | 2077 (24.2) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) |
| Substance use (ICD9 only) | 137(1.9) | 26 (1.8) | 163 (1.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) |
| Depression, major depressive disorders | 1267 (17.8) | 294 (20.0) | 1561 (18.2) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) |
| Anxiety, general anxiety, panic disorders | 1222 (17.2) | 193 (13.2) | 1415 (16.5) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) |
| Personality disorders | 824 (11.6) | 135 (9.2) | 959 (11.2) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| Psychosis, psychotic disorders | 664 (9.3) | 97 (6.6) | 761 (8.9) | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) |
| Developmental disabilities | 677 (9.5) | 45 (3.1) | 722 (8.4) | 3.5 (2.6–4.8) |
| Bipolar | 579 (8.2) | 65 (4.4) | 644 (7.5) | 2.1 (1.6–2.7) |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | 459 (6.5) | 79 (5.4) | 538 (6.3) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) |
| Schizophrenia | 177 (2.5) | 77 (5.3) | 254 (3.0) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) |
| Impulse control disorders | 160 (2.3) | 10 (0.7) | 170 (2.0) | 3.6 (1.9–6.9) |
| Dysthymia, neurotic depression | 132 (1.9) | 45 (3.1) | 177 (2.1) | ne |
| Dementia | 29 (0.4) | 24 (1.6) | 53 (0.6) | ne |
| Sleep, movement and eating disorders | 24 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | 26 (0.3) | ne |
| Sexual disorders, paraphelias | 11 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) | 14 (0.2) | ne |
| Pervasive developmental disorders | 7 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (0.1) | ne |
| Somatization disorders | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | ne |
DSM The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ICD9 The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, ne not estimable, sample size too small. CI confidence interval
aOdds Ratios and 95% CI are from logistic regression models adjusting for sex and race/ethnicity. If the (95% CI) includes 1.0, the odds ratio is not statistically significant
bSerious mental illness includes bipolar disorders, dementia/organic disorders, depression and major depressive disorders, dysthymia/neurotic depression, psychosis/psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders
cSubstance use includes alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, with hallucinations, other (or unknown) substance-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations, phencyclidine-induced psychotic disorder, with hallucinations, psychotic disorder NOS, substance-induced, alcohol dependence, opioid dependence, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic dependence, cocaine dependence, cannabis dependence, amphetamine dependence, other polysubstance abuse, methamphetamine dependence, hallucinogen dependence, inhalant dependence, polysubstance dependence, other (or unknown) dependence, phencyclidine dependence