Table 3.
Odds ratios (95% CI) for the association of history of substance use disordera with mental illness
| Mental disorders | Substance users with disorder, n (%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI)b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
| Any mental disorder (excluding substance abuse) | 1747 (48.5) | 8.5 (7.6–9.6) | 8.1 (7.2–9.1) |
| Serious mental disorderc | 1198 (53.5) | 4.7 (4.2–5.2) | 4.4 (4.0–4.9) |
| Anxiety, general anxiety, panic disorders | 766 (34.2) | 4.6 (4.0–5.1) | 4.2 (3.7–5-4.8) |
| Depression, major depressive disorders | 711 (31.7) | 3.0 (2.7–3.4) | 2.8 (2.5–3.2) |
| Personality disorders | 520 (23.2) | 4.1 (3.5–4.7) | 4.0 (3.5–4.6) |
| Psychosis, psychotic disorders | 406 (18.1) | 3.7 (3.2–4.3) | 3.8 (3.2–4.4) |
| Developmental disabilities | 360 (16.1) | 3.2 (2.7–3.7) | 2.9 (2.5–3.4) |
| Bipolar | 358 (16.0) | 4.0 (3.4–4.7) | 3.6 (3.1–4.3) |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | 254 (11.3) | 2.7 (2.3–3.3) | 2.6 (2.2–3.1) |
| Schizophrenia | 117 (5.2) | 2.5 (1.9–3.2) | 2.8 (2.1–3.6) |
| Impulse control disorders | 87 (3.9) | 3.0 (2.2–4.1) | 2.9 (2.1–4.0) |
| Dysthymia, neurotic depression | 83 (3.7) | 2.6 (1.9–3.4) | 2.5 (1.8–3.4) |
| Sleep, movement and eating disorders | 12 (0.5) | ne | ne |
| Sexual disorders, paraphilia | 2 (0.1) | ne | ne |
| Pervasive developmental disorders | 2 (0.1) | ne | ne |
Values represent numbers and percentages
ne not estimable
aSubstance use disorder as derived from the ICD9/DSM codes and includes alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, with hallucinations, other (or unknown) substance-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations, phencyclidine-induced psychotic disorder, with hallucinations, psychotic disorder NOS, substance-induced, alcohol dependence, opioid dependence, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic dependence, cocaine dependence, cannabis dependence, amphetamine dependence, other polysubstance abuse, methamphetamine dependence, hallucinogen dependence, inhalant dependence, polysubstance dependence, other (or unknown) dependence, phencyclidine dependence;
bOdds ratios were generated in logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, and race/ethnicity; Odds ratios are statistically significant if the 95% CI does not include 1.0
cSerious mental illness includes bipolar disorders, dementia/organic disorders, depression and major depressive disorders, dysthymia/neurotic depression, psychosis/psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders