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. 2004 Dec 15;101(52):18048–18052. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0406490102

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Growth rates of P. m. aliaska in the field. (A) Mean growth rate (black) and mean instar attained (gray) for P. m. aliaska larvae in treatment B (protected from predators) on day 6. Means (±SE) are for larvae on the host plants C. cnidiifolium (Cc, n = 36), P. frigidus (Pf, n = 37), and A. arctica (Aa, n = 37). Larvae at the C. cnidiifolium sites grew (P < 0.01) and attained a later instar (P < 0.0001) faster than did larvae at A. arctica or P. frigidus sites. (B) Mean growth rate (black) and mean instar attained (gray) for all P. m. aliaska larvae that survived to day 6. Means (±SE) are for larvae on the host plants C. cnidiifolium (Cc, n = 47), P. frigidus (Pf, low elevation, n = 37; Pf, high elevation, n = 35), and A. arctica (Aa, n = 73). The growth rate of larvae at C. cnidiifolium sites was higher than at A. arctica or P. frigidus sites (P = 0.02). Larval instar at C. cnidiifolium sites was higher than at A. arctica sites or either P. frigidus site (P < 0.0001). Larval instar at the low-elevation P. frigidus site was higher than at either the high-elevation P. frigidus site or the A. arctica sites (P < 0.0001).