Table 1.
Characteristics by disaster-induced changes in socioeconomic status among 14,913 men and 18,437 women aged 20–64 years in Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima, 2012
| Men | Women | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unchanged | Changed | P valueb | Unchanged | Changed | P value | |
| No. of participants | 4133 | 10,780 | 5302 | 13,135 | ||
| Mean age (years) (SDa) | 49.1 (12.6) | 46.7 (12.8) | <0.001 | 48.0 (12.6) | 45.1 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Prevalence of poor subjective health (%) | 8.6 | 17.2 | <0.001 | 10.0 | 18.1 | <0.001 |
| History of disease (%) | 53.6 | 54.2 | 0.520 | 44.7 | 41.2 | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 32.2 | 32.8 | 0.483 | 23.9 | 22.0 | 0.005 |
| Diabetes | 15.8 | 15.8 | 0.979 | 9.7 | 8.9 | 0.113 |
| Dyslipidemia | 30.7 | 33.1 | 0.005 | 25.9 | 23.8 | 0.003 |
| Cancer | 2.3 | 2.4 | 0.865 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 0.001 |
| Stroke | 2.4 | 2.5 | 0.684 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.882 |
| Cardiac disease | 5.3 | 5.7 | 0.306 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 0.724 |
| Liver disease | 1.8 | 2.2 | 0.108 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.206 |
| Pneumonia | 2.0 | 2.1 | 0.502 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 0.679 |
| Fracture | 3.7 | 3.2 | 0.160 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 0.009 |
| Thyroid disease | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.032 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 0.412 |
| History of mental illness (%) | 4.8 | 4.5 | 0.405 | 4.2 | 5.7 | <0.0001 |
| Activities of daily living (Go shopping for daily necessities) (%) | ||||||
| Can’t do by myself | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.008 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.202 |
| Educational status (%) | ||||||
| Vocational college/ junior college, university•graduate school | 28.2 | 28.2 | 0.053 | 34.2 | 34.7 | <0.0001 |
| High school | 54.5 | 56.1 | 51.3 | 54.4 | ||
| Elementary school •junior high school | 17.3 | 15.7 | 14.5 | 11.0 | ||
| Evacuation place (%) | ||||||
| Fukushima prefecture | 96.3 | 77.2 | <0.001 | 95.7 | 72.7 | <0.001 |
| Other prefectures | 3.7 | 22.8 | 4.3 | 27.4 | ||
| Smoking (%) | ||||||
| Never smoked | 26.2 | 22.3 | <0.001 | 81.0 | 71.1 | <0.001 |
| Quit | 33.8 | 31.5 | 8.9 | 12.2 | ||
| Current smoker | 39.9 | 46.2 | 10.1 | 16.8 | ||
| Alcohol consumption (%) | ||||||
| Less than once/month | 27.9 | 26.3 | 0.051 | 66.1 | 60.9 | <0.001 |
| Quit | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2.4 | ||
| At least once a month | 69.3 | 71.3 | 32.3 | 36.7 | ||
| Satisfaction of sleep (%) | ||||||
| Satisfied | 45.9 | 31.7 | <0.001 | 34.5 | 24.2 | <0.001 |
| Slightly dissatisfied | 44.0 | 47.7 | 52.4 | 51.9 | ||
| Complaint | 10.2 | 20.6 | 13.1 | 23.9 | ||
| Participatin in recreation and community activity (%) | ||||||
| Never or rarely | 50.9 | 70.9 | <0.001 | 59.5 | 75.6 | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 35.9 | 23.6 | 33.7 | 20.7 | ||
| Often | 13.2 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 3.7 | ||
| Regular exercise (%) | ||||||
| Almost every day | 11.5 | 10.8 | 0.190 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 0.880 |
| 2–4 times /week | 14.4 | 13.7 | 14.5 | 14.3 | ||
| ≤1 time /week | 74.1 | 75.6 | 77.8 | 78.1 | ||
a SD standard deviation
b P values were calculated by chi-square test (categorical variables), or t-test (continuous variables)