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. 2017 Apr 20;11:100. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00100

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Copyright © 2017 Ju, Yang, Lei, Xia, Luo, Ji, Martynyuk and Yang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of ketamine on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in the mPFC and HIP of IFS mice. IFS mice showed a decrease in Bdnf transcript covering its neuronal-specific promoter (exon IV) as well as in Bdnf transcript covering its protein-coding region (exon IX) in the mPFC and HIP. Long-term ketamine treatment increased the expression of exon-specific BDNF mRNA. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 5 in per group). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with the Veh group; ^###P < 0.001 compared with the IFS + Veh group.