Table 1.

Reirradiation outcome for conventional radiation therapy

Author (institute)	Year	n	Patients characteristics [pre-RT dose/interval]	Treatment (no. of patients)	Radiotherapy	Outcome	Adverse reaction
De Crevoisier et al. [38] (Gustave-Roussy)	1998	169	Rec/2nd	(1) Conv. RT (27)	(1) RT 65 Gy	(1) 2-yr OS (25%)/5-yr OS (6%)	Acute G4 (13%)
			[65 Gy/40M]	(2) Conv. RT + CTX (106)	(2) HU + 5FU + RT 60 Gy	(2) 2-yr OS (24%)/5-yr OS (14%)	Severe (29%)
				(3) HfxRT + CTX (36)	(3) MMC, 5-FU + 1.5 Gy/bid 60 Gy	(3) 2-yr OS (10%)/5-yr OS (0%)	G2-3 fibrosis (41%), mucosal necrosis (21%)
Ohizumi et al. [40] (Tokai University)	2002	44	Rec	Conv. RT, HfxRT ± CTX	53 Gy	2-yr OS (10%)	Acute severe (4.5%)
			[62.1 Gy/13.5M]				Late severe 5 (11%)
Salama et al. [43] (Chicago University)	2006	115	Rec/2nd	Rec (66)/2nd (49)	66–70 Gy	2-yr OS (24.8%)/5-yr	Acute G4 21 (18%)
			[67.5 Gy/NA]	Conv. RT, HfxRT ± CTX	RT 2 Gy/day or HfxRT 1.5 Gy bid	OS (14.3%)	Lethal 19 (16.5%)
Spencer et al. [19] (RTOG96-10)	2008	81	Rec/2nd	HfxRT + CTX	60 Gy	2-yr OS (15.2%)/5-yr	Acute G3-4 (9.4%), G5 (7.6%)
			[55–65 Gy/24M]	HU + 5FU	1.5 Gy/bid × 5 days other week × 4	OS (3.8%)	Lethal 6/81(7%)
Langer et al. [20], (RTOG99-11)	2007	105	Rec/2nd	HfxRT + CTX	60 Gy	2-yr OS (25.9%)	Acute G4 (<28%)
			[65.4 Gy/39.6M]	Cisplatin + paclitaxel + GCSF	1.5 Gy/bid × 5 days other week × 4		Lethal 8 (acute 5, late 3)
Kramer (prospective I/II) (Thomas Jefferson University)	2005	38	Rec	HfxRT + CTX	51–65 Gy	2-yr OS (35%)	Lethal (3%)
			[NA]	Cisplatin + paclitaxel + GCSF	1.5 Gy/bid × 5 days other week × 4

RT, radiation therapy; Rec, recurrent tumor; 2nd, second primary tumor; M, month; Conv, conventional; OS, overall survival; G, grade; CTX, chemotherapy; HU, hydroxyurea; 5FU, 5-fluorouracil; MMC, mitomycin-C; HfxRT, hyperfractionated RT; bid, twice a day; NA; not available.