Table 2. Rate of virological success (<400 copies/ml) at 12 months–intention to treat analysis.

				Univariate	Multivariate
				analysis	analysis
Variables	Categories	N	Rate (95% CI)	(p)	Full model (p)	Reduced model (p)
Study design	Cohort	35	63.6 [59.8–67.5]	Ref	Ref	Ref
	Trial	15	71.1 [64.0–78.2]	0.037	0.07	0.039
Beginning of enrolment	≤2005	28	62.1 [58.2–66.1]	Ref	Ref
	≥2006	22	69.4 [63.9–74.9]	0.031	0.82
End of enrolment	≤2005	7	70.6 [65.5–75.7]	0.22
	2006–2009	35	62.1 [57.9–66.2]	Ref
	≥2010	7	74.4 [64.3–84.5]	0.05
Region	Western Africa	10	58.4 [53.5–63.2]	0.09
	Eastern Africa	20	68.6 [62.8–74.3]	Ref
	Central Africa	1	69.9 [63.6–76.1]	1.00
	Southern Africa	16	62.8 [57.8–67.8]	0.32
	Several region	1	72.0 [70.3–73.8]	0.99
Type of site	Public sector	37	65.5 [59.8–71.2]	Ref
	Other	8	62.4 [57.1–67.7]	0.57
Number of sites	1	26	67.1 [59.8–74.3]	Ref
	≥2	16	63.1 [55.6–70.6]	0.36
Decentralised setting	No	27	66.4 [60.3–70.4]	Ref
	Yes	11	68.8 [54.5–83.1]	0.80
	Both	7	58.4 [52.9–63.9]	0.25
Population selected	General	33	65.1 [60.7–69.4]	Ref
	General, with FU >6 months	5	59.8 [51.8–67.8]	0.64
	Specific	6	66.6 [54.3–78.9]	0.96
VL monitoring before evaluation	No	18	64.4 [60.4–68.5]	Ref
	Yes	32	66.0 [60.0–72.1]	0.69
Tracking of LTFU patients	No	36	66.5 [61.2–71.8]	Ref
	Yes	14	62.7 [57.1–68.4]	0.40
Median age at ART initiation (years)	≤36	25	59.9 [55.3–64.4]	Ref	Ref	Ref
	>36	18	68.4 [64.2–72.5]	0.029	0.13	0.10
% women	≤65	21	64.7 [58.3–71.1]	Ref
	>65	27	64.9 [60.7–59.2]	0.94
% WHO stage 3–4	≤65	15	62.4 [53.5–71.2]	Ref
	>65	16	68.8 [63.3–74.3]	0.82
Median CD4 level	≤130	26	63.0 [59.1–66.9]	Ref
	>130	19	67.5 [61.3–73.6]	0.21
Median VL level	≤5.2	12	61.3 [53.9–68.8]	Ref
	>5.2	18	67.2 [61.5–72.9]	0.22
% with EFV	≤40	15	64.6 [58.6–70.6]	Ref
	>40	15	65.1 [58.9–71.4]	0.92
% with NVP	≤60	16	64.3 [58.3–70.2]	Ref
	>60	14	65.6 [59.7–71.5]	0.80