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Ptch1 functions in mammary gland morphogenesis and histogenesis. PTCH1 in the mammary epithelium inhibits proliferation and branching, independently of SMO. PTCH1 is essential in a mammary gland extrinsic Fsp-positive cell (fibroblast) for mammary ductal ER/PR patterning and for pubertal outgrowth. Ptch1 acts locally in an Fsp-positive stromal cell (likely a fibroblast) to inhibit SMO and elicit normal TEB and ductal histology.
