Table 1.

General characteristics of the study population based on food insecurity levels

	Household food secure (n = 169)	Household food insecure (n = 196)	Individual food insecure (n = 116)	Child hunger (n = 106)	P-value
Age (year)	9.19 ± 1.43a	9.30 ± 1.52	9.34 ± 1.47	9.44 ± 1.56	0.593
BMI (Kg/m2)	17.51 ± 3.14	17.59 ± 3.83	17.20 ± 3.74	18.32 ± 12.19	0.577
Waist circumference (cm)	62.57 ± 8.38	64.57 ± 9.25	61.52 ± 9.25	64.15 ± 9.66	0.02
Family size (number)	3.97 ± 0.82	3.98 ± 0.87	4.15 ± 0.89	4.39 ± 1.66	0.01
Birth order	1.62 ± 0.88	1.65 ± 0.87	1.66 ± 0.79	1.91 ± 1.20	0.06
Birth weight (gram)	3046.16 ± 681.23	2974.82 ± 794.44	3089.09 ± 2404.24	2729.67 ± 1097.59	0.16
Maternal age at birth (year)	26.23 ± 5.08	26.79 ± 4.83	26.24 ± 4.98	26.55 ± 5.78	0.71
Gender (female) (%)	72.2	76	74.1	77.4	0 .76
Physical activity (%)
Low	31	39.4	30.1	35.6	0.26
Moderate	27.6	32.5	35.5	27.6
Severe	41.4	28.1	34.4	36.8
Obesity (%)
Abdominal obesity	38.5	48.4	25.9	39.2	0.002
General obesity	20.1	22.4	12.9	14.2	0.109
Multiple births (%)	1.8	1.5	0.9	3.8	0.41
Preterm birth (%)	10.4	9.5	11.9	16.8	0.28
Exclusive breastfeeding (%)	59.1	56.5	52.8	52.9	0.67
Commencement of complementary feeding before 6 months (%)	17.9	13.4	21.2	15.2	0.32
Breastfeeding under 6 month (%)	8.5	9.5	6.4	11.5	0.61
Mother education (higher than high school diploma) (%)	52.8	42.6	17.4	15.2	<0.001
Father education (higher than high school diploma) (%)	60.5	39.7	20.4	17.2	<0.001
Obese Mother (%)	11.8	11.1	10.9	24.0	0.03
Obese Father (%)	11.4	13.3	8.2	21.6	0.07
Economic status (%)
Low	10.1	21.0	49.5	77.4	<0.001
Moderate	28.8	40.7	34.1	17.9
Wealthy	61.2	38.3	16.5	4.8

^aValues are mean ± standard deviation, otherwise indicated