Table 2.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between food insecurity and obesity
| Household food secure OR (95% CI) | Household food insecure OR (95% CI) | Individual food insecure OR (95% CI) | Child hunger OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Obesity | ||||
| Crude | 1 | 1.04 (0.66–1.64) | 0.86 (0.50–1.48) | 0.84 (0.48–1.47) |
| Model 1a | 1 | 1.05 (0.66–1.67) | 0.86 (0.50–1.48) | 0.85 (0.49–1.50) |
| Model 2b | 1 | 1.34 (0.81–2.23) | 0.93 (0.50–1.70) | 0.88 (0.47–1.63) |
| Model 3c | 1 | 1.04 (0.49–2.24) | 0.85 (0.31–2.31) | 0.53 (0.16–1.68) |
| Abdominal Obesity | ||||
| Crude | 1 | 1.54 (1.01–2.34)* | 0.57 (0.34–0.97)* | 1.05 (0.64–1.75) |
| Model 1a | 1 | 1.49 (0.97–2.29) | 0.54 (0.32–0.93)* | 0.99 (0.59–1.65) |
| Model 2b | 1 | 1.97 (1.23–3.15)** | 0.60 (0.33–1.08) | 0.93 (0.52–1.63) |
| Model 3c | 1 | 2.02 (1.01–4.03)* | 1.12 (0.45–2.81) | 1.44 (0.54–3.86) |
*P value < 0.05 ** P value < 0.01
aAdjusted for age and gender
bAdjusted for variables in Model 1 plus birth Characteristics such as birth weight, birth order, multiple birth, exclusivity of breast feeding, complementary feeding, length of gestation, length of breastfeeding, maternal age at birth
cAdjusted for variables in Model 2 plus mother education, father education, mother obesity, father obesity, household economic status, and physical activity of children