Table 1. Stages of acute kidney injury and measures (7).

Stage	Serum creatinine increase	Diuresis
1	>26.4 µmol/L within a maximum of 2 days or to >1.5–1.9 times the previous value	<0.5 ml/kg/h for >6 h
2	To >2.0–2.9 times the previous value	<0.5 ml/kg/h for >12 h
3	To >3.0 times the previous value or to 354 µmol/L or initiation of acute kidney replacement therapy	<0.3 ml/kg/h for >24 h or anuria for >12 h
Measures in acute kidney injury*
Determine the cause Achieve euvolemia (by fluid administration or negative balance) Medication intervention (stopping nephrotoxic medications, adjusting medication dosages according to renal function, change medications) Optimize hemodynamic status Detect and treat electrolyte and acid–base imbalances Monitor results (including serum creatinine, diuresis, weight, or balance) If required seek nephrology consultant support Initiate outpatient follow-up care (including testing serum creatinine and urine protein)

*Further measures are at kdigo.org/clinical_practice_guidelines/pdf/KDIGO%20AKI%20Guideline.pdf (pp 8–10)