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. 2016 Dec 10;93(1):fiw220. doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiw220

Table 1.

Thermodynamics of toluene oxidation under aerobic and anaerobic respiration and in syntrophy^a.

Electron acceptor		ΔG^0΄
(oxidised/reduced)	Stoichiometry	[kJ (mol C₇H₈)⁻¹]
O₂ / H₂O	C₇H₈ + 9 O₂ + 3 H₂O → 7 HCO₃⁻ + 7 H⁺	−3790 kJ
NO₃⁻/N₂	5 C₇H₈ + 36 NO₃⁻ + H⁺ → 35 HCO₃⁻ + 18 N₂ + 3 H₂O	−3555 kJ
Fe(OH)₃/FeCO₃	C₇H₈ + 36 Fe(OH)₃ + 29 HCO₃⁻ + 29 H⁺ → 36 FeCO₃ + 87 H₂O	−1497 kJ
SO₄²⁻/HS⁻ (complete)^b	2 C₇H₈ + 9 SO₄²⁻+ 6 H₂O → 14 HCO₃⁻ + 9 HS⁻ + 5 H⁺	−203 kJ
		−45 kJ (mol SO₄²⁻)⁻¹
SO₄²⁻ HS⁻ (incomplete)^b	2 C₇H₈ + 3 SO₄²⁻+6 H₂O → 6 CH₃COO⁻ + 2 HCO₃⁻ + 3 HS⁻ + 5 H⁺	−61 kJ
		−41 kJ (mol SO₄²⁻)⁻¹
CO₂/CH₄ (sum)	2 C₇H₈ + 15 H₂O → 9 CH₄ + 5 HCO₃⁻ + 5 H⁺	−130 kJ
Fermenter	2 C₇H₈ + 18 H₂O → 6 CH₃COO⁻ + 2 HCO₃⁻ + 8 H⁺ + 12 H₂	+166 kJ
Hydrogenotroph	12 H₂ + 3 HCO₃⁻ + 3 H⁺ → 3 CH₄ + 9 H₂O	−203 kJ
Acetotroph	6 CH₃COO⁻ + 6 H₂O → 6 CH₄ + 6 HCO₃⁻	−93 kJ

^a

Toluene is highlighted as representative BTEX compound here. The table has been adapted from Weelink et al. (2010) and Widdel et al. (2010).

^b

Complete or incomplete oxidation of toluene.