Table 2.
Japanese Orthopaedic Association score for low back pain (29-point scale)
| Item | Points |
|---|---|
| Subjective symptoms (9 points) | |
| Low back pain | 3, 2, 1, 0 |
| Leg pain and/or tingling | 3, 2, 1, 0 |
| Gait | 3, 2, 1, 0 |
| Clinical signs (6 points) | |
| Straight-leg-raising test | 2, 1, 0 |
| Sensory disturbance | 2, 1, 0 |
| Motor disturbance | 2, 1, 0 |
| Restriction of activities of daily living (14 points) | |
| Turning over while lying | 2, 1, 0 |
| Standing | 2, 1, 0 |
| Washing | 2, 1, 0 |
| Leaning forward | 2, 1, 0 |
| Sitting (1 h) | 2, 1, 0 |
| Lifting or holding heavy object | 2, 1, 0 |
| Walking | 2, 1, 0 |
| Urinary bladder function | 0, −3, −6 |