Table 2. Baseline characteristics of the Graz cohort—Distribution overall and by VTE status.
| Variable | Subjects with available data {%missing} | Overall Graz cohort (n = 657) | VTE during follow-up (n = 34) | No VTE during follow-up (n = 623) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age, years | 657 {0.0%} | 35.9 [29.2–43.0] | 36.5 [27.7–40.1] | 35.7 [29.2–43.1] | 0.5 | |
| BMI, kg/m² | 634 {3.5%} | 24.7 [22.8–27.2] | 23.9 [21.8–26.3] | 24.8 [22.9–27.4] | 0.11 | |
| Family history of TGCT** | 463 {29.5%} | 17 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 17 (3.8%) | 0.39 | |
| Smoker or Ex-Smoker | 555 {15.5%} | 281 (50.6%) | 11 (50.0%) | 270 (50.7%) | 0.95 | |
| Karnofsky Index <100% | 647 {1.5%} | 66 (10.2%) | 10 (30.3%) | 56 (9.1%) | <0.0001 | |
| Clinicopathological variables | ||||||
| Non-Seminomatous histology | 648 {1.4%} | 260 (40.1%) | 22 (66.7%) | 238 (38.7%) | 0.001 | |
| Clinical tumor stage | 640 {2.6%} | <0.0001 | ||||
| stage IA-IB | 463 (72.3%) | 10 (2.2%) | 453 (97.8%) | |||
| stage IS | 9 (1.4%) | 1 (11.1%) | 8 (88.9%) | |||
| stage IIA–IIC | 98 (15.3%) | 8 (8.2%) | 90 (91.8%) | |||
| stage IIIA–IIIC | 70 (10.9%) | 15 (21.4%) | 55 (78.6%) | |||
| RPLN(>5cm) | 652 {0.8%} | 50 (7.7%) | 11 (22.0%) | 39 (78.0%) | <0.0001 | |
| IGCCCG risk stratification | 180 {0.0%} | 0.004 | ||||
| Good risk | 137 (76.1%) | 13 (9.5%) | 124 (90.5%) | |||
| Intermediate risk | 19 (10.6%) | 7 (36.8%) | 12 (63.2%) | |||
| Poor risk | 24 (13.3%) | 4 (16.7%) | 20 (83.3) | |||
| Chemotherapy cycles | 653 {0.6%} | <0.0001 | ||||
| 0 cycles | 367 (56.2%) | 4 (1.1%) | 363 (98.9%) | |||
| 1 cycle | 37 (5.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 37 (100%) | |||
| 2 cycles | 91 (13.9%) | 6 (6.6%) | 85 (93.4%) | |||
| 3 cycles | 105 (16.1%) | 10 (9.5%) | 95 (90.5%) | |||
| ≥4 cycles | 53 (8.1%) | 14 (26.4%) | 39 (73.6%) | |||
| Laboratory parameters | ||||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL (13-17.5) | 464 | 15.4 [14.7 1–16.2] | 15.6 [14.6–16.1] | 15.4 [14.7–16.2] | 0.93 | |
| WBC, G/L (4.4–11.3) | 461 | 7.7 [6.2–9.5] | 8.2 [6.0–9.3] | 7.7 [6.2–9.5] | 0.93 | |
| Platelet count, G/L (140–440) | 461 | 231 [199–273] | 226 [191–274] | 232 [201–273] | 0.59 | |
| CRP, mg/L (≤ 5) | 427 | 1.8 [1.0–7.7] | 6.7 [2.4–51.0] | 1.8 [1.0–6.3] | 0.004 | |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL (210 –400) | 405 | 313 [250–425] | 410 [324–653] | 309 [249–418] | 0.003 | |
| Tumor markers | ||||||
| Preoperative AFP, ng/mL (≤ 15) | 581 | 5.2 [3.0–12.0] | 14.0 [3.3–517.7] | 5.0 [3.0–10.1] | 0.008 | |
| Preoperative betaHCG, mU/mL (≤ 5) | 592 | 5.0 [2.0–11.2] | 6.1 [2.0–48.5] | 5.0 [2.0–9.4] | 0.12 | |
| Preoperative LDH, U/L (120-240) | 474 | 216 [178–295] | 343 [237–800] | 212 [175–283] | <0.0001 | |
| Khorana Score | 586 | 0.002 | ||||
| Score = 1 | 502 (85.7%) | 20 (4.0%) | 482 (96.0%) | |||
| Score = 2 | 75 (12.8%) | 10 (13.3%) | 65 (86.7%) | |||
| Score = 3 | 9 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (100%) | |||
| Follow-up data | ||||||
| Recurrence of cancer | 657 {0.0%} | 63 (9.6%) | 10 (29.4%) | 53 (8.5%) | < 0.0001 | |
| Death | 655 {0.3%} | 19 (2.9%) | 3 (8.8%) | 16 (2.6%) | < 0.04 | |
| Median follow up | 657 {0.0%} | 6.6 [9.7–3.3] |
Continuous data are reported as medians with 25th percentile– 75th percentile in the squared brackets, categorical data are reported as absolute frequencies and percentages in parentheses. Percentages are calculated by referring only to the patients without missing values (i.e. not to the total number of patients if missing values are present). VTE, venous thromboembolism; BMI, Body Mass Index; TGCT, testicular germ cell tumor; RPLN, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy; IGCCCG, International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group; WBC, white blood count; CRP, C-reactive protein; AFP, alpha Fetoprotein; betaHCG, beta Human Choriogonadotropin; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase.
*p represents test for difference between VTE and No VTE (χ2 tests for binary and categorical variables, ranksum-tests for continuous variables),
**Family history is defined as a history of testicular cancer in a first and/or second degree relative;