Table 5. Correlation between expression of MMP9 and clinicopathological parameters in Kazakh esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues.
| Variable | Cases (N) | MMP9 low expression | MMP9 high expression | X2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0/1+(%) | 2+/3+(%) | ||||
| Age (y) | |||||
| ≤ Median (58y) | 53 | 30 (56.6%) | 23 (43.4%) | 5.178 | 0.023* |
| > Median | 47 | 15 (31.9%) | 32 (68.1%) | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 68 | 30 (44.1%) | 38 (55.9%) | 0.002 | 0.966 |
| Femle | 32 | 15 (46.9%) | 17 (53.1%) | ||
| Tumor location | |||||
| Upper | 2 | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2.597 | 0.273 |
| Middle | 70 | 30 (42.9%) | 40 (57.1%) | ||
| Lower | 28 | 13 (46.4%) | 15 (53.6%) | ||
| Histologic grade | |||||
| Well | 29 | 10 (34.5 %) | 19 (65.5%) | 2.699 | 0.259 |
| Moderate | 47 | 25 (53.2%) | 22 (46.8%) | ||
| poor | 24 | 10 (41.7%) | 14 (58.3%) | ||
| Depth of invasion | |||||
| TI–T2 | 35 | 21 (60.0%) | 14 (40.0%) | 4.007 | 0.045* |
| T3–T4 | 65 | 24 (36.9%) | 41 (63.1%) | ||
| Nodal status | |||||
| pN− | 51 | 32 (62.7%) | 19 (37.7%) | 11.819 | 0.001* |
| pN+ | 49 | 13 (26.5%) | 36 (73.5%) | ||
| Clinical stage | |||||
| I–II | 62 | 37 (59.7%) | 25 (40.3%) | 12.684 | 0.000* |
| III–IV | 38 | 8 (21.8%) | 30 (78.9%) |
Abbreviations: pN−, no lymph node metastasis; pN+: node metastasis. *P < 0.05.