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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Toxicol. 2016 Oct 25;91(5):2209–2221. doi: 10.1007/s00204-016-1880-y

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Synergistic and antagonistic effects of TCDD on time-dependent expression of cytokines in LPS-stimulated MoDCs. Human primary DCs were treated with LPS (50 ng/ml), TCDD (10 nM), or co-treated with TCDD plus LPS (dotted line) for 3 to 48h. The expression of A) IL-1β, B) CCL1, C) IL-12A, and D) CCL4 was analyzed using real-time PCR. E) Dose-dependent effects of LPS and TCDD on IL-1β mRNA expression in MoDC. Cells were treated with various concentrations of LPS (0.5–50 ng/ml), TCDD (0.1–10 nM) or co-treated with 0.5 ng/ml LPS and TCDD for 24 h. Results are presented as mean ± SEM and the y-axis represents mRNA expression level as fold increase above control. a significantly higher than control, p < 0.05; b significantly higher than TCDD- or LPS-treated cells, p < 0.05; c significantly lower than LPS-treated cells, p < 0.05.