Table 1.

Demographic information by method of postoperative pain control.

	TEA		IVPCA		P value
	n	%	n	%
Sex
Male	24	27	17	19	0.667
Female	29	33	17	19
ECOG Performance Status
0	30	34	20	23
1	19	22	13	15
2	4	5	1	1
Extent of surgery
Major	24	27	6	7	0.008
Minor	29	33	28	32
Surgical approach
Open	42	48	20	23	0.040
Minimally invasive	11	12	14	16
Chronic pain preoperatively
Yes	8	9	4	5	0.660
No	45	52	30	34
Additional non-PCAa IV pain medications
Yes	22	27	24	30	0.015
No	31	30	10	13

IVPCA: intravenous patient-controlled analgesia; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group

^a14 TEA patients required a PCA for additional pain control