Table 1.

Criteria for the diagnosis of ASIA

Major criteria

• Exposure to an external stimulus (infection, vaccine, silicone, adjuvant) prior to clinical manifestations. • The appearance of “typical” clinical manifestations:  Myalgia, myositis, or muscle weakness  Arthralgia and/or arthritis  Chronic fatigue, un-refreshing sleep, or sleep disturbances  Neurological manifestations (especially associated with demyelination)  Cognitive impairment, memory loss  Pyrexia, dry mouth • Removal of inciting agent induces improvement. • Typical biopsy of involved organs

Minor criteria:

The appearance of autoantibodies or antibodies directed at the suspected adjuvant • Other clinical manifestations (i.e., irritable bowel syndrome) • Specific HLA (i.e., HLA DRB1, HLA DQB1) • Evolvement of an autoimmune disease (i.e., multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis)

ASIA autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants