Table 4.

Association between network size at baseline and cognitive change over five years using hierarchical multiple regression with cognitive performance at time 2 as dependent variable

Predictor	Five-year follow-up
	Episodic memory		Semantic memory		Visuospatial ability
	ΔR 2	β	ΔR 2	β	ΔR 2	β
Step 1	.566***		.616***		.613***
Cognitive performance T1		.752***		.785***		.783***
Step 2	.033***		.012***		.024***
Age		−.126***		.002		−.131***
Gender		.065*		.046		.018
Education		.122***		.118***		.063*
Step 3	.002		.004		.005
Subjective health		.006		.000		−.002
Depressive symptoms		.004		.021		.048
Physical exercise		.005		.052*		−.045
Alcohol use		.044		.041		−.030
Step 4	.002b		.003*		.002
Network size		.046b		.058*		.047
Total R 2	.603***		.635***		.645***
n	604		604		604

ΔR ² R square change, β standardized beta

* p < .05; *** p < .001; ^b p = .088