Table 3. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses of overall survival.
| Covariate | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (continuous) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.87 | ||
| Male gender | 1.09 (0.87–1.36) | 0.46 | ||
| Tumor grade | 0.717 | |||
| Grade 1 | Reference | – | ||
| Grade 2 | 1.12 (0.78–1.62) | 0.530 | ||
| Grade 3/4 | 1.18 (0.79–1.74) | 0.420 | ||
| Presence of biliary stent | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | 0.172 | ||
| Jaundice at diagnosis | 1.15 (0.92–1.44) | 0.209 | ||
| Weight loss at diagnosis | 1.09 (0.87–1.37) | 0.451 | ||
| Long-term responder†‡ | NA | <0.001 | NA | <0.001 |
| ECOG PS 2–3 | 2.02 (1.28–3.2) | 0.002 | 2.06 (1.28–3.30) | 0.003 |
| Combination chemotherapy regimen | 0.71 (0.52–0.98) | 0.035 | 0.88 (0.64–1.22) | 0.44 |
| Site of Cancer | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Intrahepatic | Reference | Reference | ||
| Distal bile duct | 1.51 (1.10–2.07) | 0.011 | 1.23 (0.89–1.70) | 0.21 |
| Gallbladder | 1.71 (1.28–2.28) | <0.001 | 1.83 (1.35–2.48) | <0.001 |
| Hilar | 0.95 (0.68–1.34) | 0.78 | 0.99 (0.70–1.38) | 0.93 |
| Bile duct NOS | 0.95 (0.49–1.81) | 0.87 | 0.69 (0.34–1.41) | 0.30 |
| Treatment break†* | – | 0.001 | NA | |
| Second-line chemotherapy†* | – | <0.001 | NA | |
†, variable violated proportional hazard assumption; ‡, LTR was modeled as a time-dependent variable, so HR is not interpretable; *, included in multivariable analysis as stratification factor. ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR, hazard ratio; NA, not available; NOS, not otherwise specified.