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. 2017 Apr 24;8:234. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00234

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Copyright © 2017 Fukutani, Misaki and Isaka.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Pennation angles in the Control and Residual force enhancement trials in the Short and Long conditions. Pennation angles observed in the Control trial (pure isometric contraction) are shown as white bars, and those observed in the Residual force enhancement trial (isometric contraction after eccentric contraction) are shown as black bars. The left panel shows the pennation angle obtained at plantar flexion (PF) 0° and the right panel shows the pennation angle obtained at dorsiflexion (DF) 15°. Values are means ± standard deviation.