Table 6.
Description of the 14 children with virological failure (HIV RNA >1000 copies/mL) after the switch
| Number | Country | Arm | HIV-1 subtype | Exposure to prenatal ART, maternal or child PMTCT or postnatal ART via breast milk | HIV RNA at ART initiation (copies/mL) | Mutations at ART initiation | HIV RNA at 12- month post-randomisation (copies/mL) | Mutations at failure post-switch | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRTI | NNRTI | PI | NRTI | NNRTI | PI | |||||||
| 1 | BF | EFV | CRF02_AG | No exposure | 19,900,000 | None | None | None | 6109 | None | K103N | None |
| 2 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | Exposure to child PMTCT (AZT + sdNVP) and postnatal maternal ART (AZT + 3TC + NVP) | 242,757 | M184V | K103N | None | 2091 | M184V | K103N, H221Y | None |
| 3 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (AZT) and to child PMTCT (AZT+ sdNVP) | 3,573,953 | None | None | None | 62,866 | None | None | None |
| 4 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | No exposure | 1,321,600 | None | None | None | 102,417 | M184V | K103N | None |
| 5 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (AZT + 3TC + NVP) and to child PMTCT (AZT + sdNVP) | 3,459,135 | None | None | None | 1564 | Not amplified | Not amplified | Not amplified |
| 6 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | Exposure to postnatal maternal ART (AZT + 3TC + NVP) | 608,578 | None | V90I, V179I | None | 21,397 | M184V | V90I, V179I, K103N | None |
| 7 | CI | EFV | CRF02_AG | Exposure to prenatal maternal ART (AZT + 3TC + NVP) initiated 7 years before delivery | 12,466,057 | M41L, V108I, M184V, L210W, T215Y | Y181C, P225H | None | 61,199 | M41L, V108I, M184V, L210W, T215Y, L74I | K101E, Y181C, P225H | None |
| 8 | BF | LPV/r | CRF02_AG | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (AZT) | 7,780,000 | None | None | None | 7,920,000 | None | None | None |
| 9 | BF | LPV/r | URF-GK | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (AZT+3TC+NVP) and to child PMTCT (sdNVP) and to postnatal maternal ART (TDF + 3TC + NVP) | 4,720,000 | None | K103N | None | 261,914 | None | K103N, Y181C | None |
| 10 | BF | LPV/r | CRF02_AG | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (AZT + 3TC + NVP) and child PMTCT (sdNVP) | 56,600,000 | None | Y181C | None | 25,054 | None | Y181C | None |
| 11 | CI | LPV/r | CRF02_AG | Exposure to child PMTCT (AZT + sdNVP) | 254,456 | None | None | None | 2603 | None | None | None |
| 12 | CI | LPV/r | CRF02_AG | No exposure | 451,590 | None | None | None | 67,342 | M184V | None | None |
| 13 | CI | LPV/r | CRF02_CPX | No exposure | 915,685 | None | K103N, V90I, K101EK | None | 3,879,063 | None | K103N, V90I, K101EK | None |
| 14 | CI | LPV/r | CRF02_AG | Exposure to maternal PMTCT (unknown) and to postnatal maternal ART (AZT + 3TC + LPV/r) | 2,710,000 | None | None | None | 1848 | M184V | K103N | None |
ART, Antiretroviral therapy, PMTCT Prevention of mother-to-child-transmission, NRTI Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, NNRTI Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, PI Protease inhibitor, BF Burkina Faso, CI Cote d’Ivoire, EFV Efavirenz, LPV/r Lopinavir-boosted ritonavir, AZT Zidovudine, sdNVP single-dose nevirapine, 3TC Lamivudine, NVP Nevirapine, TDF