Table 2.

Summary of the effect of global, neuron-specific, and granulosa cell-specific loss of androgen receptor signaling on the development of PCOS traits

	+ DHT
Clinical PCOS trait	WT mouse	Global loss of AR	Neuronal loss of AR	Granulosa cell loss of AR
Absent/irregular cycling	✓	✗	✓	Partial
Oligo/anovulation	✓	✗	✗	✓
Classic multicystic ovarian appearance	✓	✗	Partial	✓
Change in ovary weight*	✓	✗	✓	✓
↑Unhealthy small antral follicles	✓	✗	✓	✓
↑Unhealthy large antral follicles	✓	✗	✗	✓
↓Granulosa cell-layer thickness	✓	✗	✓	✗
↑Theca cell-layer thickness	✓	✗	✓	✓
↑Body weight	✓	✗	✗	✓
↑Parametrial fat-pad weight	✓	✗	✗	✓
↑Retroperitoneal fat-pad weight	✓	✗	✗	✓
↑Inguinal fat-pad weight	✓	✗	✗	✓
↑Mesenteric fat-pad weight	✓	✗	✗	✓
Adipocyte hypertrophy	✓	✗	Partial	✓
↓Adiponectin	✓	✗	✓	✓
Dyslipidemia†	✓	✗	✗	✓
Hepatic steatosis	✓	✗	Partial	✓
Impaired fasting glucose	✓	✗	✓	✓

✓, clinical PCOS trait present; ✗, clinical PCOS trait not present; partial, effect of DHT evident but not to the same extent seen in WT mice.

^*↑ In humans; ↓ in mice.

^†↑Cholesterol + clear trend toward ↑triglycerides.