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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Biol. 2017 Mar 11;429(8):1143–1154. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.03.007

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Enhancing the sensitivity of biological oscillators through entrainment. A) Entrainment occurs when biological oscillators become phase-locked with a driving stimulus such that the natural frequency of the oscillator matches the frequency of the input signal. Oscillators such as the transcription factor NF-κB can generate a greater output when entrained, such as more highly activating downstream target gene expression. B) Both intrinsic and extrinsic noise can facilitate entrainment. Adapted from ref. [93].