Table 1. Summary of the identified QTLs and epistasis.

Chr.	Position (cM)	LOD score	Closest marker	Estimated effecta	PV (%)	P-valueb
Awn length at the top of spike
4A	22.0	48.8	Xgwm165_1	10.69	31.2	< 2e-16
5A	306.0	47.8	Xgwm291	-9.16	30.1	< 2e-16
6B	131.5	47.2	WABM213790	10.31	29.5	< 2e-16
4A x 5Ac	-	19.0	-	-4.65	8.3	< 2e-16
4A x 6Bc	-	6.7	-	2.79	2.5	5.3e-08
5A x 6Bc	-	5.9	-	-2.69	2.2	3.6e-07
Awn length at the middle of spike
4A	20.0	38.5	WABM242596	8.75	23.1	< 2e-16
5A	306.0	61.2	Xgwm291	-13.20	50.0	< 2e-16
6B	131.5	50.5	WABM213790	11.32	35.5	< 2e-16
4A x 5Ac	-	21.5	-	-6.00	10.4	< 2e-16
4A x 6Bc	-	4.5	-	2.33	1.8	8.8e-06
5A x 6Bc	-	26.0	-	-6.47	13.3	< 2e-16
Hooded phenotype
4A	22.0	22.0	Xgwm165_1	-0.14	31.2	< 2e-16
5A	302.0	11.6	WABM232824	-0.07	14.6	3.7e-11
6B	123.1	10.5	WABM118519	-0.10	13.0	4.5e-10
4A x 5Ac	-	6.4	-	0.09	7.5	1.1e-07
4A x 6Bc	-	5.5	-	0.09	6.4	8.4e-07
5A x 6Bc	-	2.0	-	0.06	2.2	3.2e-03

^aPositive values indicate that M808-allele increase the trait value.

^bP-value of the F-test indicating the goodness of fit of a given QTL or QTL x QTL interaction in the multiple QTL model.

^cEpistasis between the QTLs.