Table 1.

Summary of localization, accessory subunits and physiological functions of voltage-gated potassium and sodium channels.

Ion channels	Localization	Accessory proteins	Physiological functions
Kv1.1, Kv1.2	Distal AIS and juxtaparanode	Kvβ2 subunit	Regulation of AP threshold. Membrane repolarization. Spatially restrict propagation of excitation.
Kv1.4	Distal AIS, juxtaparanode and presynaptic sites	Kvβ2 subunit	Mediates a fast hyperpolarizing current. Associates with AIS- and nodal-Kv1.1/Kv1.2 heteromers, influencing their surface expression.
Kv2.1	Proximal dendrites, soma and AIS	AMIGO	Single channels: regulate high frequency firing. Clustered channels: non-conducting, but contribute to the excitation-gene transcription coupling.
Kv4.2	Spines, dendrites and soma	DPP6/DPPX and KChIPs	Dampens the propagation of depolarizing signals.
Nav1.2	AIS and nodes of Ranvier(immature axon) Proximal AIS(mature axon)	β1–4 subunit	AP generation (immature axon) AP back-propagation(mature axon)
Nav1.6	Dendrites, soma, distal AIS and nodes of Ranvier	β1–4 subunit	Generation of dendritic spikes. High efficiency axonal AP generation.

For clarity, the table refers mainly to CA1 pyramidal cells.